Muscle genomics and aerobic training

Abstract

The performance in physical activity is determined not only by physiological processes such as age, body composition, gender and degree of training, but also by the genomics and even epigenetic events occurring during the training programs. In this context, using bioinformatics resources, we aimed to analyse the expression of genes associated with muscle function in vastus lateral samples. We used data from DNA microarray experiments reported in NCBI's GEO DataSet database under the series number GSE117070. Differential expression was calculated using the Z-ratio equation. We also used the software Cytoscape 3.6 to build a protein-protein interaction network with over-expressed genes. We found that seven genes out of the 397 genes analysed in the 41 individuals subjected to aerobic exercise with an increase in training intensity through the percentage of VO2max, were over-expressed based on the statistical approach. The Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network showed 477 nodes, two connected components, 17 multi-edge node pairs and an average number of neighbours of 2.092. The node with the highest number of interactions was TPM1 with 150. GO categories of biological processes most relevant of the network included indispensable processes for muscle function and contraction such as polymerization of actin filaments and ATP synthesis from electron transport chain.

Differential Expression of Genes Associated with Chromatin Modifications in Skeletal Muscle during Aerobic Training Program

“…The overexpressed genes found in the present study corresponded to EZH1, KMT2A, KMT2D, KDM4C, KDM6A, CREBBP, HDAC10, HDAC4, DNMT3L, and H2AX. All of them were previously reported to be important in chromatin organization and histone modification, including histone methylation in skeletal muscle described by the biological processes in Table 2, allowing changes in the sarcomere specifically in the thin actin filament and reshaping the cell to a type of muscle fiber that adjusts to the needs of training, as explained by Mina-Paz et al [24]. For this reason, any dysregulation of these genes can affect their own functions and those of associated genes.…”