Muscle injury: Review of experimental models

Souza, Josiane de; Gottfried, Carmem

doi:10.1016/j.jelekin.2013.07.009

Cited by 82 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 115 publications

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“…The first phase begins at the time of the injury, when a large number of immune cells accumulate, mainly neutrophils and macrophages, which act in the degradation of damaged structures, however they release cytotoxins into the extracellular space, which also damage healthy cells, exacerbating the inflammatory process (Souza & Gottfried, 2013) Seven days after injury a high value of fractal dimension was still observed, when comparing the L7 group with the C group. Other studies with HE slides have also reported larger numbers of nucleated cells seven days after muscle injury (Luo et al;Myburgh et al, 2012;Shu et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The accumulation of nucleated cells remains noticeable at the injury site; although in this period satellite cells are attracted to the site of injury by cytokines released by the macrophages. These cells are stem cells that differentiate into myoblasts and myofibrils in accordance with the growth factor present at the site of injury, promoting myogenesis (Järvinen et al, 2013;Souza & Gottfried). The formation of new fiber is initiated, but the maturation of these cells and the complete recovery of the injured muscle usually occurs between 14 and 21 days after injury, depending on the severity of the injury.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fractal Analysis of Skeletal Muscle Tissue of Rats Subjected to Stretch Injury

et al. 2015

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SUMMARY:The aim of this study was to analyze changes in the skeletal muscle tissue of rats after muscle stretch injury using fractal analysis. Nineteen rats were divided into three groups, Control (n= 5) (C), Lesion two days (n= 7) (L2), and Lesion seven days (n= 7) (L7). Histological slides of the gastrocnemius muscle of the animals were prepared and stained with Hematoxylin and eosin for analysis of the inflammatory process, and picrosirius for the demonstration of collagen. The stained slides were subsequently analyzed using Fractal Dimension (FD). The results showed high FD values of the inflammatory process in the experimental groups L2 and L7 in relation to C (p= 0.000). The analysis of collagen in the picrosirius stained slides showed high FD in the L2 group compared to the L7 (p= 0.0001), with no statistically significant difference among other groups. In summary, the present study demonstrated that fractal analysis was able to identify changes in the inflammatory process in injured skeletal muscle tissue.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractal Analysis of Skeletal Muscle Tissue of Rats Subjected to Stretch Injury

et al. 2015

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“…46 For example, cryoinjury causes localized muscle damage and inflammation, with the destruction of local vessels and nerves, resulting in partial neurovascular injury and fibrosis at the site. Furthermore, the different experimental models of muscle injury used, such as cryoinjury (n = 11), trauma (n = 3), surgical induction (n = 1), and excessive stretching (n = 2), hinder the comparison of the results because of variations in the extent of different types of injury.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Low-Level Laser Therapy on Skeletal Muscle Repair

Alves

Fernandes

Deana

et al. 2014

American Journal of Physical Medicine &Amp; Rehabilitation

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A review of the literature was performed to demonstrate the most current applicability of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) for the treatment of skeletal muscle injuries, addressing different lasers, irradiation parameters, and treatment results in animal models. Searches were performed in the PubMed/MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and SPIE Digital Library databases for studies published from January 2006 to August 2013 on the use of LLLT for the repair of skeletal muscle in any animal model. All selected articles were critically appraised by two independent raters. Seventeen of the 36 original articles on LLLT and muscle injuries met the inclusion criteria and were critically evaluated. The main effects of LLLT were a reduction in the inflammatory process, the modulation of growth factors and myogenic regulatory factors, and increased angiogenesis. The studies analyzed demonstrate the positive effects of LLLT on the muscle repair process, which are dependent on irradiation and treatment parameters. The findings suggest that LLLT is an excellent therapeutic resource for the treatment of skeletal muscle injuries in the short-term.

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“…Preclinical VML models consist of a large loss of muscle tissue volume creating a challenging regenerative environment that is distinct from other muscle injuries like contusions, strains, or lacerations [Souza and Gottfried, 2013]. The focus on the development of these models has been on the generation of defects which do not heal spontaneously and result in a significant functional deficit; these types of defects are representative of clinical scenarios of large volumetric tissue loss encountered in mil- Comparison of muscle strength after contraction injury, freezing injury, and VML.…”

Section: Vml Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guidelines for Models of Skeletal Muscle Injury and Therapeutic Assessment

Willett

Krishnan²,

et al. 2016

Cells Tissues Organs

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Volumetric muscle loss (VML) injuries present a large clinical challenge with a significant need for new interventions. While there have been numerous reviews on muscle injury models, few have critically evaluated VML models. The objective of this review is to discuss current preclinical models of VML in terms of models, analytical outcomes, and therapeutic interventions, and to provide guidelines for the future use of preclinical VML models. This is a work of the US Government and is not subject to copyright protection in the USA. Foreign copyrights may apply. Published by S. Karger AG, Basel

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Muscle injury: Review of experimental models

Cited by 82 publications

References 115 publications

Fractal Analysis of Skeletal Muscle Tissue of Rats Subjected to Stretch Injury

Fractal Analysis of Skeletal Muscle Tissue of Rats Subjected to Stretch Injury

Effects of Low-Level Laser Therapy on Skeletal Muscle Repair

Guidelines for Models of Skeletal Muscle Injury and Therapeutic Assessment

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