Muscle irisin response to aerobic vs HIIT in overweight female adolescents

Abstract

BackgroundExercise stimulates the production of fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5), which is cleaved to release a protein called irisin. This protein induces browning of white adipose tissue resulting in increased thermogenesis. Different studies have measured circulating irisin at baseline and in response to exercise among a wide variety of individuals; yet, regarding the effect of different exercise intensities in obese adolescent girls, limited insight is available. This study compares the effect of acute aerobic exercise of moderate intensity and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on irisin levels in skeletal muscle and plasma of sedentary overweight or obese female adolescents.MethodsThe aerobic group (n = 15) and HIIT group (n = 15) underwent anthropometric and metabolic measurements, electrocardiogram, peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), and two vastus lateralis muscle biopsies before and after session of workout. The session of aerobic exercise included cycling at 65% of their peak heart rate (HRpeak) for 40 min. In the HIIT group, exercise included six bouts of 1 min at 85–95% HRpeak separated by 1 min of recovery. Irisin levels were evaluated in samples of skeletal muscle (western blot) and plasma (ELISA).ResultsThe levels of expression of irisin in skeletal muscle increased significantly after a session of HIIT (p < 0.05), while aerobic exercise no affect irisin levels. No significant differences between the groups in plasma irisin levels were found.ConclusionsThe increase in muscle irisin levels was observed only following HIIT session. No increases in plasma irisin concentration were observed.

Supervised Short-term High-intensity Training on Plasma Irisin Concentrations in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

“…As such, high-intensity interventions in sedentary subjects have induced a greater increase in irisin levels than low-intensity exercise with a similar energy consumption [38]. It should also be noted that although Archundia-Herra et al found significant increases in the levels of muscle irisin, the level of plasma irisin remained unchanged 30 min after HIT [2]. To properly interpret the data on acute irisin responses, the point of time when the blood samples were taken has also to be considered, as the level of irisin is reported to return to the baseline value within 15 min after a HIT session [40].…”

“…To properly interpret the data on acute irisin responses, the point of time when the blood samples were taken has also to be considered, as the level of irisin is reported to return to the baseline value within 15 min after a HIT session [40]. In addition, exercise-induced increases in muscle irisin have been shown to be much higher than those in plasma, suggesting that the physical strain was too low (6 bouts of 1 min at 85-95 % HR peak ) to cause changes in the plasma irisin levels [2].…”

“…First, circulating irisin levels were found to positively correlate with workload [7] even though contrasting reports demonstrate that the irisin responses after acute continuous moderate-intensity training (CMT) and high-intensity interval training (HIT) do not differ in patients suffering from metabolic syndrome [13]. Interestingly, Archundia-Herrera et al observed significant increases in skeletal muscle irisin levels after a single session of HIT but not after CMT in overweight female adolescents, despite unchanged plasma irisin levels in both groups [2]. Second, the training modality seems to be a crucial determinant of the irisin response, as resistance exercise was found to be more effective in increasing irisin levels than endurance exercise [7,13].…”

Is Exercise a Match for Cold Exposure? Common Molecular Framework for Adipose Tissue Browning

“…It has been demonstrated that single exercise interventions consisting of 45-60 min ergometer cycling [102,153] or treadmill tests to volitional failure [155] can increase circulating irisin. However, reductions in plasma irisin have also been observed after shortterm moderate intensity training [156] and after interval training [157]. Many studies have also reported no change in circulating irisin after acute exercise bouts under 60 min [156,[158][159][160].…”

“…However, reductions in plasma irisin have also been observed after shortterm moderate intensity training [156] and after interval training [157]. Many studies have also reported no change in circulating irisin after acute exercise bouts under 60 min [156,[158][159][160]. These conflicting results extend to chronic exercise exposure.…”