Muscle length and lengthening velocity in voluntary crouch gait

Krogt, Marjolein M. van der; Doorenbosch, Caroline A.M.; Harlaar, Jaap

doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2006.11.208

Cited by 40 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In the study there participated only ten female fitness instructors, who performed the exercise at the same step height at one music frequency. However, in many studies [19,21,27,32,33] that address the issue of muscles properties' simulation, or analysis of step aerobics movement [15,16,24,26], the number of 10 participants is sufficient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Longer and weaker muscles are used to improve movement speed, while shorter muscles contract in a smaller space. Therefore, they have greater efficiency and are used for activities that need strength [2,33]. A review of the literature has shown that few studies [1,8,17,20,29] go beyond a description of muscle length changing during a crouching gait, and no references were found in sport application and above all in knee up move analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lower limb loading during knee up in step aerobics: a pilot study

Błażkiewicz

Wiszomirska

Kaczmarczyk

et al. 2016

Biomedical Human Kinetics

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Summary Study aim:Step aerobics is a form of aerobic power distinguished from other types of aerobic exercise by its use of an elevated platform. The purpose of this study was to examine how the aerobic exercise "knee up" affects kinematic and kinetic parameters and, above all, the length of the muscle contractions. Material and methods:The study analysed ten female fitness instructors with at least six years of experience. The task consisted in the knee up move performed using a 15 cm step and music with the beat frequency of 148 BPM. Kinematic and kinetic parameters were recorded using the Vicon system synchronized with two Kistler force plates. OpenSim software was used for calculation of the length of involved muscles. Results: Ranges in angles and torques suggest that the location that is the most prone to injuries and overtraining is the knee joint, followed by the hip and ankle joints. Greater values of the vertical component of ground reaction forces were observed during stepping down, which suggests greater load to the joints. The greatest work in the move analysed in this study was performed by the sartorius muscle and the tensor fasciae latae muscle. Conclusions: Despite the benefits that have been demonstrated when step classes are structured correctly and adapted to the participants, further research is needed concerning biomechanical load, exercise prescription, and injury prevention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower limb loading during knee up in step aerobics: a pilot study

Błażkiewicz

Wiszomirska

Kaczmarczyk

et al. 2016

Biomedical Human Kinetics

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“…This finding is similar to the finding of compensatory mechanisms for maintaining a more upright posture of the trunk during gait. 36 Crouch gait, characterized by excessive knee flexion during terminal swing and the initial phase of stance 36 (ie, loading phase), has been observed as an adaptive mechanism to excessive forward lean during gait. 31 This lower extremity compensatory mechanism has been observed during gait in persons with postsurgical flatback deformity whose gait patterns resemble those of persons with advanced knee joint osteoarthritis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jogging Kinematics After Lumbar Paraspinal Muscle Fatigue

Hart

Kerrigan

Fritz

et al. 2009

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context: Isolated lumbar paraspinal muscle fatigue causes lower extremity and postural control deficits. Objective: To describe the change in body position during gait after fatiguing lumbar extension exercises in persons with recurrent episodes of low back pain compared with healthy controls. Design: Case-control study. Setting: Motion analysis laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: Twenty-five recreationally active participants with a history of recurrent episodes of low back pain, matched by sex, height, and mass with 25 healthy controls. Intervention(s): We measured 3-dimensional lower extremity and trunk kinematics before and after fatiguing isometric lumbar paraspinal exercise. Main Outcome Measure(s): Measurements were taken while participants jogged on a custom-built treadmill surrounded by a 10-camera motion analysis system. Results: Group-by-time interactions were observed for lumbar lordosis and trunk angles (P < .05). A reduced lumbar spine extension angle was noted, reflecting a loss of lordosis and an increase in trunk flexion angle, indicating increased forward trunk lean, in healthy controls after fatiguing lumbar extension exercise. In contrast, persons with a history of recurrent low back pain exhibited a slight increase in spine extension, indicating a slightly more lordotic position of the lumbar spine, and a decrease in trunk flexion angles after fatiguing exercise. Regardless of group, participants experienced, on average, greater peak hip extension after lumbar paraspinal fatigue. Conclusions: Small differences in response may represent a necessary adaptation used by persons with recurrent low back pain to preserve gait function by stabilizing the spine and preventing inappropriate trunk and lumbar spine positioning.

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“…The results of these studies showed that, although after correcting an equinus deformity ankle kinematics were significantly improved, the surgical correction had a smaller and more variable effect on more proximal joints like the knee. Studies which investigated the correction of more severe crouch gait deformities, like a knee flexion contracture [13,14] or a pes equinopalnovalgus deformity [17][18][19], were either multilevel surgeries, not allowing to clearly allocate the effect of correcting one isolated joint deformity, or had chosen for local outcome measures and did not investigate the surgical effect on other joints.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, measuring the effect of artificially induced contractures on healthy subjects, hence with no neurological interference, has been shown to be a meaningful approach. The studies from Matjačjae and Olenšek [18], Van der Korgt et al [19] and Whitehead et al [20] used this approach to determine the effect of an artificially induced hamstrings and iliopsoas contracture on the nature of crouch gait in healthy adults. Their results showed that a short psoas muscle alone significantly increases flexion around the ankle, knee and hip.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%