Muscle Mass Is Linked to Liver Disease Severity in Pediatric Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Yodoshi, Toshifumi; Orkin, Sarah; Clachar, Ana‐Catalina Arce; Bramlage, Kristin; Sun, Qing; Lin, Fang; Beck, Andrew F.; Xanthakos, Stavra A.; Trout, Andrew T.; Mouzaki, Marialena

doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.04.046

Cited by 19 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Concerning non-Asian and non-Caucasian ethnic groups only a few studies, mainly in children, investigated the relationship between sarcopenia and NAFLD. The studies confirmed the association among sarcopenia and steatosis but not with hepatic fibrosis [41].…”

Section: Prevalence Of Sarcopenia In Nafld and Associated Factorssupporting

confidence: 64%

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Impact of Sarcopenia and Myosteatosis in Non-Cirrhotic Stages of Liver Diseases: Similarities and Differences across Aetiologies and Possible Therapeutic Strategies

et al. 2022

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Sarcopenia is defined as a loss of muscle strength, mass and function and it is a predictor of mortality. Sarcopenia is not only a geriatric disease, but it is related to several chronic conditions, including liver diseases in both its early and advanced stages. Despite the increasing number of studies exploring the role of sarcopenia in the early stages of chronic liver disease (CLD), its prevalence and the relationship between these two clinical entities are still controversial. Myosteatosis is characterized by fat accumulation in the muscles and it is related to advanced liver disease, although its role in the early stages is still under researched. Therefore, in this narrative review, we firstly aimed to evaluate the prevalence and the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying sarcopenia and myosteatosis in the early stage of CLD across different aetiologies (mainly non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcohol-related liver disease and viral hepatitis). Secondly, due to the increasing prevalence of sarcopenia worldwide, we aimed to revise the current and the future therapeutic approaches for the management of sarcopenia in CLD.

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Section: Prevalence Of Sarcopenia In Nafld and Associated Factorssupporting

confidence: 64%

“…The inverse relationship between SMM and severity of steatosis has also been confirmed in the paediatric population [ 40 ], despite the lack of association with fibrosis stages [ 40 , 41 ], probably as a consequence of the less severe liver damage observed in paediatric patients.…”

Section: Sarcopenia In Nafld and Metabolic Associated Comorbiditiesmentioning

confidence: 90%

Impact of Sarcopenia and Myosteatosis in Non-Cirrhotic Stages of Liver Diseases: Similarities and Differences across Aetiologies and Possible Therapeutic Strategies

et al. 2022

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“…A 10-year retrospective cohort study using ultrasonography to diagnose NAFLD and a cross-sectional analysis using the fatty liver index to define NAFLD both showed that low SMI was independently associated with NAFLD, ( 20 , 21 ) consistent with another cross-sectional study conducted in South Korea ( 22 ). In children, muscle mass was independently associated with both imaging and histological features of hepatic steatosis severity ( 23 ). In overweight/obese youths, low muscle mass was independently correlated with NAFLD/NASH ( 24 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Skeletal Muscle Mass and Severity of Steatosis and Fibrosis in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

et al. 2022

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BackgroundSarcopenia is known to be the risk factor of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, studies evaluating the association of skeletal muscle mass (SMM) with liver fibrosis by transient elastography are limited. Here, we investigated the association of SMM with hepatic steatosis and fibrosis assessed in Chinese adults.MethodsPatients who underwent liver ultrasonography at the Health Promotion Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between January 2020 to June 2021 were enrolled. We used transient elastography to evaluate the degree of hepatic fat and liver stiffness. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass was determined by bioelectrical impedance and was adjusted for body weight to derive the skeletal muscle mass index (SMI).ResultsOf 3,602 finally enrolled individuals, 1,830 had NAFLD and 1,772 did not have NAFLD. SMI gradually decreased as the severity of hepatic steatosis increased (40.47 ± 3.94% vs. 39.89 ± 3.57% vs. 39.22 ± 3.46% vs. 37.81 ± 2.84%, P < 0.001). Individuals with F3-F4 and F2 liver fibrosis groups had significantly lower SMI than individuals with F0-F1 stages (37.51 ± 3.19% vs. 38.06 ± 3.51% vs. 39.36 ± 3.38%, P < 0.001). As the SMI increased, the percentages of subjects with mild and severe NAFLD, and the percentages of subjects in F2 and F3-F4 stage were gradually decreased. SMI was independently associated with the severity of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis by logistic regression analysis. Moreover, decreased SMI was an independent risk factor for NAFLD and fibrosis.ConclusionSMI is closely associated with liver fat content and liver fibrosis in Chinese adults with NAFLD.

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“…Yodoshi et al performed a retrospective review of 336 patients with NAFLD (100 diagnosed by biopsy and 236 diagnosed by MRI) and assessed the psoas muscle from clinical MRI images. 26 Lower total psoas muscle surface area adjusted for height was associated with both greater histopathological steatosis severity and liver PDFF in children.…”

Section: Body Compositionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Recent advances in the epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in children

2021

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Children with obesity are at risk for numerous health problems, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This review focuses on progress made in the epidemiology of NAFLD in children for the years 2015-2020. The estimated prevalence of NAFLD in children with obesity is 26%. The incidence of NAFLD in children has risen rapidly over the past decade. An understanding of the reasons for this rise is incomplete, but over the past 5 years, many studies have provided additional insight into the complexity of risk factors, diagnostic approaches, and associated comorbidities. Risk factors for NAFLD are wide-ranging, including perinatal factors involving both the mother and newborn, as well as environmental toxin exposure.Progress made in the noninvasive assessment will be critical to improving issues related to variability in approach to screening and diagnosis of NAFLD in children.The list of serious comorbidities observed in children with NAFLD continues to grow.Notably, for many of these conditions, such as diabetes and depression, the rates observed have exceeded the rates reported in children with obesity without NAFLD.Recent advancements reviewed show an increased awareness of this problem, while also calling attention to the need for additional research to guide successful efforts at prevention and treatment.

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Muscle Mass Is Linked to Liver Disease Severity in Pediatric Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Cited by 19 publications

References 46 publications

Impact of Sarcopenia and Myosteatosis in Non-Cirrhotic Stages of Liver Diseases: Similarities and Differences across Aetiologies and Possible Therapeutic Strategies

Impact of Sarcopenia and Myosteatosis in Non-Cirrhotic Stages of Liver Diseases: Similarities and Differences across Aetiologies and Possible Therapeutic Strategies

Association Between Skeletal Muscle Mass and Severity of Steatosis and Fibrosis in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Recent advances in the epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in children

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