Muscle stiffness of posterior lower leg in runners with a history of medial tibial stress syndrome

Saeki, Junya; Nakamura, Masatoshi; Nakao, S.; Fujita, Kosuke; Yanase, Ko; Ichihashi, Noriaki

doi:10.1111/sms.12862

Cited by 27 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Stiffness of the gastrocnemius reportedly has a strong correlation with plantar fasciitis [23]. Moreover, patients with a history of medial tibial stress syndrome had stiff FDLs [17] and increased stiffness of the FDL after running [16]. These results are similar to those of the our study, which show an increase in the stiffness of muscles related to running injuries.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Long distance running tends to decrease the height of the medial longitudinal arch, and to reduce arch exibility [14,15]. Moreover, the stiffness of the dynamic stabilizers of the arch, such as the tibialis posterior and the FDL, is increased after running [16,17]. However, the effects of the structure and exibility of the arch on changes in muscle stiffness after running are unclear.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The LG and MG were measured at the proximal 30% of the lower leg (from the popliteal crease to the lateral malleolus). The FDL was measured at the proximal 50% of the area between the cleavage line of the knee and the medial malleolus [16,17]. The AH was measured at the medial border of the foot below the navicular bone.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Relationship Between Foot Flexibility and Leg Muscle Stiffness After Running: a Cross-sectional Study

Kudo¹

2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundDeformation of the foot is related to the development of running injuries. The prevention of running injuries requires the management of changes in leg muscle stiffness after running. However, the relationship of muscle stiffness and the structure and flexibility of the foot arch is unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in muscle stiffness and flexibility of the arch before and after running.MethodsTwenty lower limbs of 10 healthy volunteers were enrolled. All of the subjects performed the same running task on a treadmill set at an incline of 7%, running at a speed of 8 km/h for 60 min. The shear elastic modulus of the longitudinal axis of the medial and lateral gastrocnemius (MG, LG), flexor digitorum longus (FDL), and abductor hallucis muscles were measured both before and after running using ultrasound shear wave elastography. Arch height index (AHI) and arch height flexibility (AHF) were measured at 10, 50, and 90% of the body weight loaded position, respectively. The correlation of AHI, AHF, and alterations in each muscle stiffness before and after running was assessed using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient.ResultsThe FDL, LG, and MG were significantly harder after running than before running. The AHI and AHF had no significantly difference between before and after running. There were significant moderate correlations between AHF50 before running and stiffness of the FDL after running.ConclusionIncreased stiffness of the FDL is related to medial tibial stress syndrome. Our results indicate that stiffness of the arch is associated with greater stiffness of the FDL, which restricts performance of the dynamic function of stretching the muscle and tendon complex of the toe flexor with weight loading on the foot.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Relationship Between Foot Flexibility and Leg Muscle Stiffness After Running: a Cross-sectional Study

Kudo¹

2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Foot muscle weakness is also associated with a wide range of foot deformities and foot pain (e.g. [5–10]). Recent research has shown that foot muscle weakness may be associated with increased fall risk in the elderly due to the muscles’ role in stabilization and balance [11, 12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional assessments of foot strength: a comparative and repeatability study

Bruening

Ridge

Jacobs

et al. 2019

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundEvaluating the strength of the small muscles of the foot may be useful in a variety of clinical applications but is challenging from a methodology standpoint. Previous efforts have focused primarily on the functional movement of toe flexion, but clear methodology guidelines are lacking. A novel foot doming test has also been proposed, but not fully evaluated. The purposes of the present study were to assess the repeatability and comparability of several functional foot strength assessment techniques.MethodsForty healthy volunteers were evaluated across two testing days, with a two-week doming motion practice period between them. Seven different measurements were taken using a custom toe flexion dynamometer (seated), custom doming dynamometer (standing), and a pressure mat (standing). Measurements from the doming dynamometer were evaluated for reliability (ICCs) and a learning effect (paired t-tests), while measurements from the toe flexion dynamometer and pressure mat were evaluated for reliability and comparability (correlations). Electromyography was also used to descriptively assess the extent of muscle isolation in all measurements.ResultsDoming showed excellent within-session reliability (ICCs > 0.944), but a clear learning effect was present, with strength (p < 0.001) and muscle activity increasing between sessions. Both intrinsic and extrinsic muscles were engaged during this test. All toe flexion tests also showed excellent reliability (ICCs > 0.945). Seated toe flexion tests using the dynamometer were moderately correlated to standing toe flexion tests on a pressure mat (r > 0.54); however, there were some differences in muscle activity. The former may better isolate the toe flexors, while the latter appeared to be more functional for many pathologies. On the pressure mat, reciprocal motion appeared to display slightly greater forces and reliability than isolated toe flexion.ConclusionsThis study further refines potential methodology for foot strength testing. These devices and protocols can be duplicated in the clinic to evaluate and monitor rehabilitation progress in clinical populations associated with foot muscle weakness.

show abstract

“…A previous study showed that running for 30 min increased the tibialis posterior and flexor digitorum longus stiffness [28]. Also, runners with an MTSS history demonstrated higher tibialis posterior and flexor digitorum longus stiffness than that in no MTSS history [29]. Therefore, rearfoot dominant pattern during drop jump may increase eccentric muscle contraction and traction force to the medial border of the tibia and related to MTSS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Difference in the Foot Intersegmental Coordination Pattern Between Female Lacrosse Players With and Without a History of Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome: a Cross-sectional Study

Akuzawa¹,

Oshikawa²,

Nakamura³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Medial tibial stress syndrome is a common sports related injury. Altered foot kinematics can be a risk factor for the injury. Since foot segments can move independently, intersegment coordination is important for proper foot function. This study aimed to compare the foot intersegmental coordination pattern and single segment kinematics between women lacrosse players with and without a history of medial tibial stress syndrome during drop jump. Methods Nine players with a medial tibial stress syndrome history and 12 players with no history were enrolled. Foot kinematics, including angle at landing and peak angle and excursion at the rearfoot, midfoot, and forefoot during single-leg drop jumps were analyzed. Each segment motion data from landing to leaping was time-scaled to 100% to analyze the intersegmental coordination with a modified vector coding technique. Instant intersegmental coordination of every 1% was classified into four patterns (in-phase, two segments rotate in the same direction with similar amplitudes; anti-phase, two segments rotate in opposite directions; proximal phase, proximal segment dominantly rotates in the same direction compared to the distal segment; and distal phase, distal segment dominantly rotates in the same direction compared to the proximal segment). The percentage of intersegmental coordination pattern and kinematics in each segment were compared between the groups using the Student’s t test. Results Groups with a history of medial stress syndrome showed a significantly higher percentage of proximal phase between the rearfoot and midfoot in the sagittal (Mean ± SD; history, 52.0 ± 18.5%, no history, 29.3 ± 16.7%; p = 0.005) and coronal planes (history, 43.0 ± 26.1%, no history, 15.9 ± 9.1%; p = 0.008). Dorsiflexion excursion (history, 34.8 ± 4.7°, no history, 29.6 ± 2.1°; p = 0.002) were significantly larger in a history of medial tibial stress syndrome group compared to no history group. Conclusions Rearfoot dominant motion pattern relative to the midfoot may be related to medial tibial stress syndrome. Intersegmental coordination analysis may be useful for detecting abnormal foot coordination patterns.

show abstract

Muscle stiffness of posterior lower leg in runners with a history of medial tibial stress syndrome

Cited by 27 publications

References 24 publications

Relationship Between Foot Flexibility and Leg Muscle Stiffness After Running: a Cross-sectional Study

Relationship Between Foot Flexibility and Leg Muscle Stiffness After Running: a Cross-sectional Study

Functional assessments of foot strength: a comparative and repeatability study

Difference in the Foot Intersegmental Coordination Pattern Between Female Lacrosse Players With and Without a History of Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome: a Cross-sectional Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About