Muscle strength and speed of movement in relation to age and muscle morphology

Larsson, Lars; Grimby, Gunnar; Karlsson, Jacob

doi:10.1152/jappl.1979.46.3.451

Cited by 946 publications

(582 citation statements)

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“…Interestingly, when isometric muscle force is expressed as a percentage of body weight, the losses with advancing age appear to be minimal ( Table 2). The loss of force with aging has been attributed to both a loss of functioning motor neurons as well as a reduced number of fast-twitch muscle fibers (29). Both animal and human studies have demonstrated that loading rate, rather than load magnitude, is the critical factor for cartilage damage in OA (30).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isometric muscle force measurement for clinicians treating patients with osteoarthritis of the knee

Fransen¹,

Crosbie²,

Edmonds³

2003

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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Objective. To evaluate the discriminant validity and, for clinicians, the test-retest reliability of isometric force in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods. Mean isometric muscle strength data collected for 113 patients with knee OA were compared with published normative data for 131 asymptomatic subjects. Results. Patients with knee OA, ages 60 -79 years, could attain only 40 -53% of the knee extensor force and 35-46% of the knee flexor force generated by their age-and sex-matched peers. One-week test-retest intraclass correlations ranged from 0.79 to 0.95. Random measurement error demonstrated a favorable "signal-to-noise" ratio. Conclusion. The similar decrease in knee extensor and knee flexor strength demonstrated by patients with knee OA compared with their age-and sex-matched asymptomatic peers suggests that strategies should be directed at both muscle groups to optimally limit joint damage. Isometric muscle force measurement can be a useful assessment tool for clinicians. KEY WORD. Knee osteoarthritis isometric force reliability.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isometric muscle force measurement for clinicians treating patients with osteoarthritis of the knee

Fransen¹,

Crosbie²,

Edmonds³

2003

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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“…Sarcopenia is characterized by a loss of skeletal muscle mass and an associated deterioration in the functional properties of the remaining muscle tissue (Goodpaster et al 2006;Larsson et al 1979). The demographic changes projected for the developed countries and the impact that these changes in muscle function will have on health care costs and quality of life, have made understanding the mechanisms underlying these agerelated changes in skeletal muscle contractility of critical importance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latter includes fiber loss and atrophy (Larsson et al 1979;Sato et al 1984;Lexell et al 1988), impairments in the excitation-contraction process (Delbono et al 1995;Wang et al 2002), and perturbations to actomyosin cross-bridge function (Larsson et al 1997; Thompson and Brown 1999;Lowe et al 2001;Frontera et al 2000;Hook et al 2001;Krivickas et al 2001). These factors are specific to the mode of muscle contraction, impacting force during isometric and shortening contractions but having much less effect on force during lengthening or eccentric, muscular activity (Porter et al 1997;Poulin et al 1992;Phillips et al 1991;Ochala et al 2006;Hortobagyi et al 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eccentric contraction-induced injury to type I, IIa, and IIa/IIx muscle fibers of elderly adults

Choi

Lim

Nibaldi

et al. 2011

AGE

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Muscles of old laboratory rodents experience exaggerated force losses after eccentric contractile activity. We extended this line of inquiry to humans and investigated the influence of fiber myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform content on the injury process. Skinned muscle fiber segments, prepared from vastus lateralis biopsies of elderly men and women (78± 2 years, N=8), were subjected to a standardized eccentric contraction (strain, 0.25 fiber length; velocity, 0.50 unloaded shortening velocity). Injury was assessed by evaluating pre-and post-eccentric peak Ca 2+ -activated force per fiber cross-sectional area (F max ). Over 90% of the variability in post-eccentric F max could be explained by a multiple linear regression model consisting of an MHC-independent slope, where injury was directly related to pre-eccentric F max , and MHC-dependent y-intercepts, where the susceptibility to injury could be described as type IIa/IIx fibers>type IIa fibers>type I fibers. We previously reported that fiber type susceptibility to the same standardized eccentric protocol was type IIa/IIx>type IIa=type I for vastus lateralis fibers of 25-year-old adults (Choi and Widrick, Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 299:C1409-C1417, 2010). Modeling combined data sets revealed significant age by fiber type interactions, with posteccentric F max deficits greater for type IIa and type IIa/ IIx fibers from elderly vs. young subjects at constant pre-eccentric F max . We conclude that the resistance of the myofilament lattice to mechanical strain has deteriorated for type IIa and type IIa/IIx, but not for type I, vastus lateralis fibers of elderly adults.

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“…Older adults exhibit reduction in fast twitch muscle fibers in comparison to slow twitch muscle fibers [26,27]. The age-related changes in the skeletal muscle property, such as muscle fiber types may hinder quick gait adjustments required for successful ambulation over slippery floor surfaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related slip avoidance strategy while walking over a known slippery floor surface

2007

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When confronted with impending slip/fall situations, gait parameters are adjusted accordingly to avoid slipping. This study was conducted to assess age-related slip avoidance strategy by measuring gait parameters and muscle activity characteristics of the lower extremities (hamstrings, calves, and quadriceps) of both young and older participants while ambulating successfully over a known slippery floor surface. Fourteen younger and 14 older adults participated in this study. First, a baseline measure was collected to study normal gait prior to any exposure to slipping. A second measure was collected following a slip from a contaminated floor surface, but before the initiation of a second slip, where the participants were able to view the contaminated surface before traversing it. The results indicated that there were significant gait parameter differences between normal-dry walking conditions and contaminated-slippery walking conditions. In general, participants (young and old) reduced step length, friction utilization, and heel contact velocity from normal gait to adjusted gait conditions. Furthermore, results also indicated that there were differences in gait parameters and muscle activity characteristics between the two age groups for both a normal gait condition and a gait condition requiring adjustment. Findings suggested that older individuals required an additional step to properly adjust gait for a contaminated walking surface.

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Muscle strength and speed of movement in relation to age and muscle morphology

Cited by 946 publications

References 0 publications

Isometric muscle force measurement for clinicians treating patients with osteoarthritis of the knee

Isometric muscle force measurement for clinicians treating patients with osteoarthritis of the knee

Eccentric contraction-induced injury to type I, IIa, and IIa/IIx muscle fibers of elderly adults

Age-related slip avoidance strategy while walking over a known slippery floor surface

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