Muscular contraction.

Huxley, Andrew

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1974.sp010740

Cited by 701 publications

(364 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…As a result, the macroscopically measured force is the sum of the forces generated by many cross-bridges in parallel and the macroscopic shortening is the sum of the shortening of many cross-bridges in series. Traditionally, and for striated muscle, the dependence of active force on stretched strip length has been ascribed to a change in the degree in overlap of filaments (Huxley, 1974). For smooth muscle too it has been postulated that changes in length primarily change the overlap of filaments, thus influencing the number of crossbridges that can be formed (Bagby & Corey/Kreyling, 1984).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The length dependence of the series elasticity of pig bladder smooth muscle

Mastrigt

1988

J Muscle Res Cell Motil

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SummaryStrips of urinary bladder smooth muscle were sul~jected to a series of quick release measurements. Each measurement consisted of several releases and resets to the original length, made during one contraction. The complete length-force characteristic of series elasticity was quantified by estimating H, the amplitude of quick release necessary to reduce the active force to exactly zero, and Db, a measure for the deviation of the characteristic from a straight line. By measuring a series of contractions at increasing stretched strip lengths, the length dependence of these parameters was studied. It was found that H depends linearly on stretched strip length. On average Hflength amounted to 0.04. Db decreased when strips were stretched, i.e. a straight line was more closely approximated. Both parameter dependencies support the concept of two separate elastic mechanisms, a linear true passive elasticity in series with a non-linear elasticity in the cross-bridges. For the latter, H amounts to 3.8% of the initial strip length.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The length dependence of the series elasticity of pig bladder smooth muscle

Mastrigt

1988

J Muscle Res Cell Motil

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“…Investigations carried out on skeletal muscle over the last 20 years have led to the now generally accepted fact that contraction is brought about by the sliding of thin filaments between thick filaments caused by tension exerted by cross-bridges which link the two sorts of filament together (Hansen and Huxley, 1955;Huxley, 1953Huxley, , 1957Huxley, , 1960Huxley, , 1969Huxley, , 1971Huxley, , and 1974Huxley and Niedergerke, 1954;Huxley and Hansen, 1954).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active tension changes in frog skeletal muscle during and after mechanical extension

Atteveldt

Crowe

1980

Journal of Biomechanics

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-Isolated frog sartorious muscle at 4°C has been used to study the phenomenon whereby tetanically stimulated muscle, subjected to a mechanical extension, yields an active tension which is greater than that obtained during an isometric contraction in which the muscle is stretched prior to stimulation. The excess tension magnitude and decay with time depend upon the total muscle length. After stimulation ceases the excess tension does not persist over a time appreciably longer than that needed for the normal isometric tension to disappear. No persistent excess tension could be seen from stretches applied after stimulation had ceased but before the active tension had fully decayed.

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“…Moreover, decoupling of force generators is a reversible process. More generators are decoupled than, at the end, correspond with the number of generators left, since during flow a number are recoupled as well (35,51). The implication would be that part of resistance, as measured during the present study, is identical with elastance depression after the end of ejection.…”

Section: Co T a + Ementioning

confidence: 61%

“…Force and pressure are thought to be generated by discrete molecular force generators, the number of which determines the amount of force, or pressure (34). Shortening of muscle fibers is thought to couple generators to an amount closely linked to shortening velocity, a mechanism that can quantitatively explain the force-velocity relation (9,35,51). Elastance depression, then, corresponds to the property that the muscle is not capable of regenerating the same amount of force generators as before decoupling.…”

Section: Co T a + Ementioning

confidence: 99%