Muscular Strength Adaptations and Hormonal Responses After Two Different Multiple-Set Protocols of Resistance Training in Postmenopausal Women

Nunes, Paulo Ricardo Prado; Barcelos, Larissa Corrêa; Oliveira, Anselmo Alves de; Júnior, Roberto Furlanetto; Martins, Fernanda Maria; Resende, Elisabete Aparecida Mantovani Rodrigues de; Orsatti, Fábio Lera

doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000001788

Cited by 19 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Additionally, higher-volume RT (HV-RT), beyond that recommended by public guidelines for RT (i.e. 1-3 sets per exercise) (ACSM, 2009;Garber et al, 2011), has been shown to promote superior gains in muscle mass (Schoenfeld et al, 2019), but not muscle strength gains (Nunes et al, 2016;Nunes et al, 2019;Schoenfeld et al, 2019). Regarding this, it would seem reasonable to assume that if W ′ is influenced by muscle mass, additional muscle mass gain with a HV-RT leads to additional W ′ gains when compared to a lower-volume…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance training‐induced improvement in exercise tolerance is not dependent on muscle mass gain in post‐menopausal women

Júnior

Sousa

Carneiro

et al. 2020

European Journal of Sport Science

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Menopause transition may impair muscle function, decreasing exercise tolerance. The torque-duration relationship (hyperbolic curve) forms a practical framework within which exercise tolerance may be explored. In this regard, resistance training (RT) increases the curvature constant of this relationship (W ′ ). Muscle hypertrophy and strength gains have been suggested as possible mediators of RT-induced improvement in W ′ , however, it is unclear what the main mediator is. Higher-volume RT (HV-RT), beyond that recommended by RT-guidelines (i.e. three sets per exercise), may promote greater hypertrophy, but not higher strength gains. Hence, this study aimed to investigate whether greater hypertrophy in HV-RT maximises W ′ gain when compared to LVRT in postmenopausal women (PW). Fifty-eight PW were randomised to the control group (CTRL), HV-RT (six sets per exercise) or LV-RT (three sets per exercise). They underwent a 12week RT program and were assessed for W ′ , thigh lean body mass (TLBM) and maximal isometric voluntary contraction (MIVC). The TLBM gain was higher (P < 0.001) in the HV-RT (9.4%) than LV-RT (3.7%). However, both HV-RT and LV-RT similarly increased MIVC (9.7% vs. 16.5%, P = 0.063) and W ′ (26.4% vs. 34.6% P = 0.163). Additionally, the changes in W ′ were associated with the changes in TLBM (31%, P = 0.003) and MIVC (52%, P= <0.001). However, when the changes in TLBM and MIVC were inserted into the predictive model, only the MIVC (33%, P = 0.002) was a predictor of W ′ . Thus, although HV-RT promoted greater hypertrophy than LV-RT, HV-RT does not seem to maximise W ′ in PW.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance training‐induced improvement in exercise tolerance is not dependent on muscle mass gain in post‐menopausal women

Júnior

Sousa

Carneiro

et al. 2020

European Journal of Sport Science

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“…Esses resultados podem sugerir alteração do balanço energético e proteico muscular, com possível lipólise e síntese proteica. Nunes et al (2019), também observaram que 3 séries a 70% 1RM produz o mesmo aumento de força muscular que 6 séries, após 16 semanas de treinamento, mesmo na ausência do aumento de testosterona e cortisol. Assim, o aumento de força muscular pode ter ocorrido devido ao aumento do recrutamento das unidades motoras (HUGHES et al, 2017;SCHOENFELD et al, 2017).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Entretanto, mesmo na ausência desta adaptação, o treinamento de força induz ganho de força e hipertrofia muscular em mulheres (HAKKINEN et al, 2000;LINNAMO et al, 2005). Os homens possuem níveis séricos de testosterona superior ao das mulheres e o seu aumento com o exercício de força está bem documentado, mas em mulheres é inconsistente (KRAEMER;RATAMESS, 2005;LINNAMO et al, 2005;VINGREN et al, 2010) e a resposta hormonal aguda, ao exercício de força em mulheres, parece ser limitada (BENINI et al, 2015;BOSCO et al 2000;CONSITT et al, 2002;HAKKINEN et al, 2000;PAKARINEN, 1995;KRAEMER;RATAMESS, 2005;LINNAMO et al, 2005;LUK et al, 2019;NUNES et al, 2019;VINGREN et al, 2010). Poucos estudos demonstraram aumento de testosterona, em mulheres, após a realização do exercício de força (COPELAND et al, 2002;CUMMING et al, 1987;NINDL et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Treinamento de força bi-set em mulheres

Gouvêa

Bueno

2020

Conexões

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Objetivo: O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar se o treinamento de força bi-set induz alterações de testosterona e cortisol séricos, do índice T/C (razão testosterona: cortisol), da força muscular, da gordura e da massa magra em mulheres jovens, após treinamento por 8 semanas. Metodologia: Os parâmetros corporais e as concentrações séricas de testosterona e cortisol foram determinados no repouso e, imediatamente, após o treinamento, antes do início e após 8 semanas. Utilizou-se o método bi-set, com 4 séries e 10 repetições máximas para cada exercício, com intervalo entre as séries de 90 s, realizados quatro vezes por semana, por 8 semanas. Resultados e discussão: Após o período de treinamento não houve alteração significativa (p>0,05) nos níveis séricos de testosterona e cortisol, da massa corporal e do IMC, contudo, houve, significativamente (p<0,05) aumento de 1-RM e do número de repetições máximas, diminuição da gordura corporal, aumento de massa magra e aumento da área da seção transversa muscular do braço e da coxa. Conclusão: Os níveis séricos de testosterona e cortisol não são os únicos fatores para o ganho de força e hipertrofia muscular. O método bi-set promoveu adaptações positivas em mulheres.

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“…Although Gunay et al [43] specified that the insulin concentrations reduce in line with the secretion catecholamines during exercise, insulin levels were not affected by exercises after long-term aerobic and resistance training programs, by Gerosa-Neto et al [44] in the overweight/obese females and males, by Nunes et al [45] in menopausal females, by Timmons et al [37] in young nonathletes, and by Hecksteden et al [19] in healthy adult females and males. Similarly, in our study, no difference was found the insulin levels between the elite athletes and non-athletes in both male and female.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Training and Gender on Plasma Irisin, Leptin, and Insulin Levels

Arıkan

Revan

Balcı

et al. 2018

Int J Appl Exerc Physiol

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The objective of this study is the comparison of the irisin, leptin, and insulin hormone levels of the female and male elite taekwondo athletes and non-athletes. Elite taekwondo athletes (7 males, 6 females) and university students (8 males, 6 females) between the ages of 16 and 20 who do not do exercise regularly and who are moderately active have taken part in the study. In the beginning of the study, the body compositions of the participants were determined and their plasma irisin, leptin, and insulin hormone analyses were determined by means of the Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA) method receiving their blood samples at 8:00 a.m. after a night of staying hungry. It was found that no impact of training and gender on the irisin and insulin hormone levels had appeared jointly or separately (p>0,05) while they affected the leptin levels significantly (p<0.05). The leptin levels in females in both athletes and non-athletes were determined to be higher than males to significant extent and the leptin levels of both female and male athletes were significantly lower than non-athletes. As a result, it can be said that regular exercise and gender do not affect the levels of irisin and insulin hormones but they affect the leptin level significantly.

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Muscular Strength Adaptations and Hormonal Responses After Two Different Multiple-Set Protocols of Resistance Training in Postmenopausal Women

Cited by 19 publications

References 45 publications

Resistance training‐induced improvement in exercise tolerance is not dependent on muscle mass gain in post‐menopausal women

Resistance training‐induced improvement in exercise tolerance is not dependent on muscle mass gain in post‐menopausal women

Treinamento de força bi-set em mulheres

Effect of Training and Gender on Plasma Irisin, Leptin, and Insulin Levels

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