Muscular Strength as a Predictor of All-Cause Mortality in an Apparently Healthy Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Data From Approximately 2 Million Men and Women

García-Hermoso, António; Cavero‐Redondo, Iván; Ramírez‐Vélez, Robinson; Ruiz, Jonatan R.; Ortega, Francisco B.; Lee, Duck Chul; Martínez‐Vizcaíno, Vicente

doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2018.01.008

Cited by 421 publications

(335 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…The association of grip strength with inflammation and mortality was more robust in females, which is consistent with other findings . Recent meta‐analytic data showed grip strength was associated with reduced mortality in both genders, although the association was stronger in women . Our sex‐specific findings are unremarkable as the aging process particularly affects women, such that women are more susceptible to sarcopenia than men .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Handgrip strength, inflammatory markers, and mortality

Smıth

Yang

Hamer

2019

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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Purpose To investigate the extent to which inflammatory markers explain the association between handgrip strength and mortality. Methods Analyses of data from The English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Handgrip strength and inflammatory marker data (C‐reactive protein and fibrinogen) were collected at baseline (2004/5) and inflammatory marker data at follow‐up (2012/13). Participant data were linked with death records. General linear models were used to explore associations between handgrip strength and inflammatory markers at follow‐up. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine associations between grip strength and risk of death. Models were estimated with the covariates age, sex, wealth, physical activity, smoking, depressive symptoms, long‐standing illness, and adiposity. Results The sample comprised of 5,240 participants (mean age 65.9 (SD 9.4) years; 53.8% female). Over an average 9.7 ± 1.4 years follow‐up, there were 650 deaths. Inverse associations were evident between handgrip strength and change in inflammatory markers in women only. There was an association between grip strength and lower risk of mortality in women (hazard ratio = 0.85; 95% CI, 0.74, 0.98) after adjusting for age and wealth. The association was attenuated after adjustment for clinical and behavioral risk factors (0.92; 0.79, 1.07), and further attenuated after adjusting for inflammatory markers (0.95; 0.82, 1.11). Conclusion Higher grip strength is associated with lower levels of inflammation at 8‐year follow‐up, and inflammatory markers partly explained the association between handgrip strength and mortality.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Handgrip strength, inflammatory markers, and mortality

Smıth

Yang

Hamer

2019

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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“…Grip strength is a well-characterised measure of weakness and poor muscle performance. Grip strength measures the strength of contraction of the flexor muscles of the fingers/forearm through the use of a dynamometer 5. From the literature, it is known as such index correlates with the nutritional status of subjects and their capacity for functional recovery postsurgery 26.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, it is not surprising that grip strength, an excellent indicator of overall muscle function,4 is part of many frailty diagnostic algorithms. Its predictive role in the general population on all-cause mortality has been already tested,5 showing that higher grip strength is associated with lower mortality. Previous studies have shown that grip strength strictly depends on age, sex, body size, muscle mass, socioeconomic status and level of physical activity 6 7.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grip strength predicts cardiac adverse events in patients with cardiac disorders: an individual patient pooled meta-analysis

Pavasini

Serenelli²,

Celis‐Morales

et al. 2018

Heart

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ObjectiveGrip strength is a well-characterised measure of weakness and of poor muscle performance, but there is a lack of consensus on its prognostic implications in terms of cardiac adverse events in patients with cardiac disorders.MethodsArticles were searched in PubMed, Cochrane Library, BioMed Central and EMBASE. The main inclusion criteria were patients with cardiac disorders (ischaemic heart disease, heart failure (HF), cardiomyopathies, valvulopathies, arrhythmias); evaluation of grip strength by handheld dynamometer; and relation between grip strength and outcomes. The endpoints of the study were cardiac death, all-cause mortality, hospital admission for HF, cerebrovascular accident (CVA) and myocardial infarction (MI). Data of interest were retrieved from the articles and after contact with authors, and then pooled in an individual patient meta-analysis. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was performed to define predictors of outcomes.ResultsOverall, 23 480 patients were included from 7 studies. The mean age was 62.3±6.9 years and 70% were male. The mean follow-up was 2.82±1.7 years. After multivariate analysis grip strength (difference of 5 kg, 5× kg) emerged as an independent predictor of cardiac death (OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.79 to 0.89, p<0.0001), all-cause death (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.85 to 0.89, p<0.0001) and hospital admission for HF (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.84 to 0.92, p<0.0001). On the contrary, we did not find any relationship between grip strength and occurrence of MI or CVA.ConclusionIn patients with cardiac disorders, grip strength predicted cardiac death, all-cause death and hospital admission for HF.Trial registration numberCRD42015025280.

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“…Indeed, patients with NSCLC (stage I–IIIA) had a significantly lower handgrip strength as compared with healthy controls, with a mean difference of −6 kg ( p = .023) . Muscular strength is an important parameter, and, in healthy persons, it represents a predictor of all‐cause mortality . A study investigating the impact of strength on survival found that handgrip strength is an independent prognostic factor in patients with NSCLC and gastrointestinal cancer with advanced and metastatic disease .…”

Section: Investigated Outcomes In Lung Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Activity and Exercise in Lung Cancer Care: Will Promises Be Fulfilled?

Avancini

Sartori

Gkountakos³

et al. 2019

The Oncologist

124

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Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer‐related death worldwide. Affected patients frequently experience debilitating disease‐related symptoms, including dyspnea, cough, fatigue, anxiety, depression, insomnia, and pain, despite the progresses achieved in term of treatment efficacy. Physical activity and exercise are nonpharmacological interventions that have been shown to improve fatigue, quality of life, cardiorespiratory fitness, pulmonary function, muscle mass and strength, and psychological status in patients with lung cancer. Moreover, physical fitness levels, especially cardiorespiratory endurance and muscular strength, are demonstrated to be independent predictors of survival. Nevertheless, patients with lung cancer frequently present insufficient levels of physical activity and exercise, and these may contribute to quality of life impairment, reduction in functional capacity with skeletal muscle atrophy or weakness, and worsening of symptoms, particularly dyspnea. The molecular bases underlying the potential impact of exercise on the fitness and treatment outcome of patients with lung cancer are still elusive. Counteracting specific cancer cells’ acquired capabilities (hallmarks of cancer), together with preventing treatment‐induced adverse events, represent main candidate mechanisms. To date, the potential impact of physical activity and exercise in lung cancer remains to be fully appreciated, and no specific exercise guidelines for patients with lung cancer are available. In this article, we perform an in‐depth review of the evidence supporting physical activity and exercise in lung cancer and suggest that integrating this kind of intervention within the framework of a global, multidimensional approach, taking into account also nutritional and psychological aspects, might be the most effective strategy. Implications for Practice Although growing evidence supports the safety and efficacy of exercise in lung cancer, both after surgery and during and after medical treatments, most patients are insufficiently active or sedentary. Engaging in exercise programs is particularly arduous for patients with lung cancer, mainly because of a series of physical and psychosocial disease‐related barriers (including the smoking stigma). A continuous collaboration among oncologists and cancer exercise specialists is urgently needed in order to develop tailored programs based on patients’ needs, preferences, and physical and psychological status. In this regard, benefit of exercise appears to be potentially enhanced when administered as a multidimensional, comprehensive approach to patients’ well‐being.

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Muscular Strength as a Predictor of All-Cause Mortality in an Apparently Healthy Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Data From Approximately 2 Million Men and Women

Cited by 421 publications

References 85 publications

Handgrip strength, inflammatory markers, and mortality

Handgrip strength, inflammatory markers, and mortality

Grip strength predicts cardiac adverse events in patients with cardiac disorders: an individual patient pooled meta-analysis

Physical Activity and Exercise in Lung Cancer Care: Will Promises Be Fulfilled?

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