Muscular Structure at the Male Bladder Outlet Examined With Successive Celloidin-embedded Slices

Li, Xuemei; Yang, Hui; Li, Daiqing; Zhang, Ping; Ma, Qing-Tong; Zhai, Lili

doi:10.1016/j.urology.2014.12.006

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…1a). We have proved that these circular fibers originated from the detrusor [11]. The detrusor apron was located ventral to DVC.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

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The distribution pattern of periprostatic neurovascular bundles examined with successive celloidin slices

Cai

et al. 2021

BMC Urol

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Background Although several distribution patterns of periprostatic neurovascular bundles have been proposed, variant dissection technique based on these patterns still confused surgeons. The aim of this study was to describe the periprostatic neurovascular bundles and their relationship with the fascicles around prostate and provide the accurate morphologic knowledge of periprostatic tissue for prostate operation. Methods The pelvic viscera were obtained from 26 adult male cadavers. They were embedded in celloidin and cut into successive slices. The slices were explored with anatomic microscopy. 3-Dimensional reconstruction was achieved with celloidin sections and series software. Results The prostatic capsule which surrounded the dorsal, bilateral aspect of the prostate was attached ventrally to anterior fibrous muscular stroma (AFMS). The lower part of the striated sphincter completely embraced the urethral; the upper part of this muscle covered the lower ventral surface of prostate. The upper ventral surface of prostate is covered by the circular muscle of detrusor. The levator fascia and the capsule adhered on the most convex region of the lateral prostate, but separated on the other region. The pelvic neurovascular bundles (PNVB) divided into the anterior and posterior divisions. The anterior division continued as dorsal vascular complex (DVC). The distal part of DVC entered into penile hilum. The posterior division continued as neurovascular bundles, and then as the cavernous supply (CS). The distal part of CS joined into pudendal neurovascular bundles. Conclusions The capsule and AFMS formed a pocket like complex. There were anterior and posterior neurovascular approaches from PNVB to penile hilum.

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“…1a). We have proved that these circular fibers originated from the detrusor [11]. The detrusor apron was located ventral to DVC.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Yucel and Baskin believed that the AFMS was a developmental component of the external sphincter [22]. Our team have proved that the upper part of AFMS originated from circular muscle of the detrusor [11]. The superior part of the striate sphincter covered the ventral surface of prostate and formed the lower part of the AFMS (Figs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

The distribution pattern of periprostatic neurovascular bundles examined with successive celloidin slices

Cai

et al. 2021

BMC Urol

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“…1a). We have proved that these circular bers originated from the detrusor [11]. The detrusor apron was located ventral to DVC.…”

Section: Axial Sections Of Celloidin Slicesmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

The Distribution Pattern of Periprostatic Neurovascular Bundles Examined with Successive Celloidin Slices

Li¹,

Cai

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Although several distribution patterns of periprostatic neurovascular bundles have been proposed, variant dissection technique based on these patterns still confused surgeons.The aim of this study was to describe the periprostatic neurovascular bundles and their relationship with the fascicles around prostate and provide the accurate morphologic knowledge of periprostatic tissue for prostate operation.Methods: The pelvic viscera were obtained from 26 adult male cadavers. They were embedded in celloidin and cut into successive slices. The slices were explored with anatomic microscopy. 3-Dimensional reconstruction was achieved with celloidin sections and series software.Results: The prostatic capsule which surrounded the dorsal, bilateral aspect of the prostate was attached ventrally to anterior fibrous muscular stroma (AFMS). The lower part of the striated sphincter completely embraced the urethral; the upper part of this muscle covered the lower ventral surface of prostate. The upper ventral surface of prostate is covered by the circular muscle of detrusor. The levator fascia and the capsule adhered on the most convex region of the lateral prostate, but separated on the other region. The pelvic neurovascular bundles (PNVB) divided into the anterior and posterior divisions. The anterior division continued as dorsal vascular complex (DVC). The distal part of DVC entered into penile hilum. The posterior division continued as neurovascular bundles NVB, and then as the cavernous supply (CS). The distal part of CS joined into pudendal neurovascular bundles. Conclusions: The capsule and AFMS formed a pocket like complex. There were anterior and posterior neurovascular approaches from PNVB to penile hilum.

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“…Notably, if the cystoscopy shows a non-papillary tumor, MIBC is highly likely, regardless of the presence or absence of inchworm sign. The trigone muscle presents from the deltoid to the proximal urethra, which may have functional implications for understanding the mechanisms of continence at the bladder neck [ 14 ], and the muscular layer gradually thickens from the deltoid to the proximal urethra, while the submucosal tissue becomes occupied and thin [ 15 ]. In other words, the bladder neck has a higher percentage of muscle layers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Bladder Cancer with Inchworm Sign Indicate Better Prognosis after TURBT?

Nakagawa

Izumi

Naito

et al. 2022

Cancers

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Background: Inchworm sign is considered to be a characteristic finding in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Nevertheless, pathologically diagnosed muscle invasive bladder cancers (MIBCs) are occasionally diagnosed from tissue obtained by transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) in patients with inchworm sign. Methods: We retrospectively investigated the factors related to muscle invasive status in bladder cancer associated with inchworm sign and the role of inchworm sign in tumor outcomes following TURBT. Results: Of the 109 patients with inchworm sign, 94 (86.2%) and 15 (13.8%) were NMIBC and MIBC, respectively. Non-papillary tumors (hazard ratio (HR): 9.55, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.07–44.10; p < 0.01) and tumors located in the bladder neck (HR: 7.73, 95% CI: 1.83–32.76; p < 0.01) were significant predictors of MIBC in bladder cancer with inchworm sign. Furthermore, recurrence-free survival (RFS) and progression-free survival were compared between patients with NMIBC with and without inchworm sign; however, no significant differences were found. In patients with NMIBC with inchworm sign, positive urine cytology was a prognostic factor for RFS (HR: 1.90, 95% CI: 1.04–3.48; p = 0.04). Conclusions: In bladder cancer with inchworm sign, 86.2% were NMIBC. Even in the case of inchworm sign, the presence of a non-papillary tumor or a bladder neck tumor before TURBT should be noted because of the possibility of MIBC. In this study, the inchworm sign was not a prognostic factor in patients with NMIBC.

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Muscular Structure at the Male Bladder Outlet Examined With Successive Celloidin-embedded Slices

Cited by 6 publications

References 25 publications

The distribution pattern of periprostatic neurovascular bundles examined with successive celloidin slices

The distribution pattern of periprostatic neurovascular bundles examined with successive celloidin slices

The Distribution Pattern of Periprostatic Neurovascular Bundles Examined with Successive Celloidin Slices

Does Bladder Cancer with Inchworm Sign Indicate Better Prognosis after TURBT?

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