Objective: to identify the health problems of nursing workers and describe their consequences. Method: an epidemiological, descriptive study with a quantitative approach. The survey was conducted through the Health Monitoring System for Nursing Workers (SIMOSTE) in three university hospitals in São Paulo within a 12-month period. Results: a total of 970 records related to health problems were identifi ed; most of these were related to sick leave, occupational accidents with leave, absences, and occupational accidents without leave, with a predominance of musculoskeletal and respiratory system diseases, infectious and parasitic diseases, and nervous system diseases, among others. A total of 4,161 days of work were lost because of the mentioned health problems. Conclusion: the results evidence the need to propose preventive strategies to mitigate and reduce health problems in nursing workers.