Music in the endoscopy suite: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies

Rudin, Dan; Kiss, Adam; Wetz, Robert V; Sottile, Vincent M.

doi:10.1055/s-2007-966362

Cited by 78 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The first of them included six randomized controlled trials that involved 641 patients undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy, flexible sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy, with or without intervention through music therapy. This meta-analysis yielded significantly lower anxiety levels, reduction in analgesia requirements, reduction in sedation requirements, and procedure times in patients receiving music therapy in comparison with controls [38] . The second meta-analysis dealt with the effect of music on procedure time and sedation during colonoscopy.…”

Section: Audio Distractionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Colonoscopy, pain and fears: Is it an indissoluble trinomial?

Trevisani

Zelante

Sartori

2014

WJGE

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Colonoscopy is the reference method in the secondary prevention, diagnosis and, in some cases, treatment of colorectal cancer. It can often cause pain associated with embarrassment, anxiety, and physical and emotional discomfort. Pain intensity is influenced by a lot of factors, and there is a strict relationship among pain, pain perception, and mind. Several methods can be used to break the trinomial colonoscopy, pain and fear. Sedoanalgesia is recommended by several guidelines. If no sedation is offered, the patient must accept a higher chance of unacceptable discomfort and the endoscopist a lower chance of completing the procedure because of patient discomfort. Other non-pharmacologic methods such as acupuncture, music, and hydrocolonoscopy can be used as alternatives to pharmacologic sedoanalgesia. Furthermore, new endoscopic technologies such as variable-stiffness colonoscopes and ultrathin colonoscopes, or the use of carbon dioxide instead of air for colon insufflation, can reduce the pain caused by colonoscopy. In the future, technical improvements such as wireless capsules or robotic probes, will probably enable to overcome the present concept of colonoscopy, avoiding the use of traditional endoscopes. However, at present the poor attention paid by endoscopists to the pain and discomfort caused by colonoscopy can not be justified. There are several methods to reduce pain and anxiety and to break the trinomial colonoscopy, pain and fear. We must use them.© 2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.Key words: Colonoscopy; Pain; Fear; Anxiety; Discomfort; Conscious sedation Core tip: Colonoscopy can often cause pain associated with embarrassment, anxiety, and physical and emotional discomfort. Control of discomfort and pain during colonoscopy is considered to be a high priority by patients. This review of the literature encompasses the main methods for reducing pain and anxiety, to break the trinomial colonoscopy, pain and fear.

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Section: Audio Distractionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Colonoscopy, pain and fears: Is it an indissoluble trinomial?

Trevisani

Zelante

Sartori

2014

WJGE

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“…Of the 49 studies that met our selection criteria, six were systematic reviews 2-7 , three were meta-analyses [8][9][10] , 33 were randomised clinical trials [13][14][15][26][27][28][29][30][32][33][34][35][36][37]44,47 and seven were non-randomised clinical trials 11,12,25,31,45,46 26,31,[35][36][37]43 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A meta-analysis which evaluated data gathered from 641 patients during six randomised clinical trials showed that listening to music during endoscopy procedures significantly reduced patient anxiety (p = 0.004), analgesia requirements (p = 0.001) and procedure times (p = 0.002) 9 . A reduction in sedative requirements was also observed that approached statistical significance (p = 0.055).…”

Section: Music Therapy In Gastroenterologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This proliferation of high quality scientific research in the field of clinical music therapy has generated significant level I evidence, suggesting that music therapy is capable of providing significant benefits as an adjuvant therapeutic tool in Treatment a wide variety of clinical settings . Furthermore, in the last decade, several meta-analyses and systematic reviews addressing the role of music therapy in specific clinical specialties have been performed [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] . This growing body of evidence provides robust scientific support for the hypothesis that music can positively influence several subjective and physiological variables related to anxiety and pain, significantly decrease pharmacological analgesia and sedative requirements, and make a meaningful improvement in mood and quality of life measures for a variety of patients .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Music therapy as an adjuvant therapeutic tool in medical practice: an evidence-based summary

Mattei¹,

Rodriguez²

2013

OA Evidence-Based Medicine

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“…Factors known to reduce anxiety and analgesic requirements during procedures include adequate pre-operative information, with a pre-operative visit, and familiarity with the personnel involved. A meta-analysis of randomised trials concluded that music reduces anxiety and analgesic requirements during endoscopy [4].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Music during interventional radiological procedures, effect on sedation, pain and anxiety: a randomised controlled trial

Kulkarni¹,

Johnson²,

Kettles³

et al. 2012

The British Journal of Radiology

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Objective: To assess the effects of playing patient-selected music during interventional procedures on (1) the doses of sedation and analgesia and (2) anxiety levels. Methods: Patients undergoing interventional radiological procedures were randomised to either the intervention (music) or the control (no music) group. Patients in the intervention group had music of their choice played via headphones during the procedure. The primary outcomes were reductions in the doses of drugs for sedation (midazolam) and analgesia (fentanyl). Anxiety levels were assessed both before and after the procedure using the validated State Anxiety Inventory. Mean pulse rate and average of mean blood pressures were also recorded before and during the procedures as surrogate indicators of anxiety levels. Results: 100 patients were randomised in a 1:1 ratio. There were 58 males and 42 females, with a mean age of 58 years. Sedation was required in 21 (42%) patients in the music group compared with 30 (60%) patients in the control group (p50.046). The mean [standard deviation (SD)] midazolam dose was 2.1 mg (2.3 mg) in the control group and 1.3 mg (2.2 mg) in the music group (p50.027). The mean (SD) fentanyl dose was 29 mg (40 mg) in the control group and 18 mg (34 mg) in the music group (p50.055). There was no significant effect of music on the change from baseline in anxiety levels (p50.74), pulse rate (p50.56) or blood pressure (p50.34). Conclusion: Sedation requirements are significantly reduced by playing self-selected music to the patient during interventional radiology procedures. By lowering sedation during interventional radiology, music makes the procedure safer. It also contributes favourably to the overall patient experience.

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Music in the endoscopy suite: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies

Abstract: Music therapy is an effective tool for stress relief and analgesia in patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures.

Cited by 78 publications

References 12 publications

Colonoscopy, pain and fears: Is it an indissoluble trinomial?

Colonoscopy, pain and fears: Is it an indissoluble trinomial?

Music therapy as an adjuvant therapeutic tool in medical practice: an evidence-based summary

Music during interventional radiological procedures, effect on sedation, pain and anxiety: a randomised controlled trial

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