Music Modulation of Pain Perception and Pain-Related Activity in the Brain, Brain Stem, and Spinal Cord: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Dobek, Christine E.; Beynon, Michaela E.; Bosma, Rachael L.; Stroman, Patrick W.

doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2014.07.006

Cited by 132 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…This conclusion has been supported by the results of several studies, which demonstrate negative responses (i.e. decreases in activity) in some spinal cord and brainstem regions in response to heat/pain stimuli [6–8]. The PAG-RVM pathway has been shown in animal studies to produce analgesia in threatening situations, and analgesia is inhibited if the environment is perceived to be safe [9, 10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…We therefore propose that variations in the descending input, absent of a stimulus, could explain observed resting-state BOLD signal changes and sources of signal variance which are not accounted for by responses to stimulation/task paradigms, nor by physiological noise [12]. Analyses of time-series data obtained in a number of previous spinal cord fMRI studies in our lab [6, 8, 13–16] support the hypothesis that systematic BOLD signal variations can occur in the absence of a stimulus. Participants in these studies were familiarized with the study paradigm and could easily anticipate whether or not noxious stimuli were impending (threat), or had passed (safety).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Continuous Descending Modulation of the Spinal Cord Revealed by Functional MRI

et al. 2016

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Spontaneous variations in spinal cord activity may arise from regulation of any of a number of functions including sensory, motor, and autonomic control. Here, we use functional MRI (fMRI) of healthy participants to identify properties of blood oxygenation-level dependent (BOLD) variations in the spinal cord in response to knowledge that either a noxious stimulus is impending, or that no stimulus is to be expected. Expectation of a noxious stimulus, or no stimulus, is shown to have a significant effect on wide-spread BOLD signal variations in the spinal cord over the entire time period of the fMRI acquisition. Coordination of BOLD responses between/within spinal cord and brainstem regions are also influenced by this knowledge. We provide evidence that such signal variations are the result of continuous descending modulation of spinal cord function. BOLD signal variations in response to noxious stimulation of the hand are also shown, as in previous studies. The observation of both continuous and reactive BOLD responses to emotional/cognitive factors and noxious peripheral stimulation may have important implications, not only for our understanding of endogenous pain modulation, but also in showing that spinal cord activity is under continuous regulatory control.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous Descending Modulation of the Spinal Cord Revealed by Functional MRI

et al. 2016

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“…To date, several independent groups have used fMRI to study SC processing in both animals and humans using thermal (Brooks et al, 2012; Cadotte et al, 2012; Cahill and Stroman, 2011; Khan and Stroman, 2015; Nash et al, 2013; Summers et al, 2010; Yang et al, 2015), chemical (Malisza and Stroman, 2002; Porszasz et al, 1997), and electrical (Endo et al, 2008; Lilja et al, 2006; Zhao et al, 2009) experimental pain paradigms. Moreover, some studies have even demonstrated supraspinal influences on SC nociceptive processing (Dobek et al, 2014; Eippert et al, 2009; Geuter and Buchel, 2013; Sprenger et al, 2012). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spinal cord during thermal stimulation across consecutive runs

et al. 2016

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The spinal cord is the first site of nociceptive processing in the central nervous system and has a role in the development and perpetuation of clinical pain states. Advancements in functional magnetic resonance imaging are providing a means to non-invasively measure spinal cord function, and functional magnetic resonance imaging may provide an objective method to study spinal cord nociceptive processing in humans. In this study, we tested the validity and reliability of functional magnetic resonance imaging using a selective field-of-view gradient-echo echo-planar-imaging sequence to detect activity induced blood oxygenation level-dependent signal changes in the cervical spinal cord of healthy volunteers during warm and painful thermal stimulation across consecutive runs. At the group and subject level, the activity was localized more to the dorsal hemicord, the spatial extent and magnitude of the activity was greater for the painful stimulus than the warm stimulus, and the spatial extent and magnitude of the activity exceeded that of a control analysis. Furthermore, the spatial extent of the activity for the painful stimuli increased across the runs likely reflecting sensitization. Overall, the spatial localization of the activity varied considerably across the runs, but despite this variability, a machine-learning algorithm was able to successfully decode the stimuli in the spinal cord based on the distributed pattern of the activity. In conclusion, we were able to successfully detect and characterize cervical spinal cord activity during thermal stimulation at the group and subject level.

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“…Therefore, vector s contains not only one set of xy, x 2 −y 2 , and z 2 −(x 2 +y 2 )/2 shim amplitudes but also contains a distinct set of x, y, and Δf shim amplitudes for each slice. (1) Dynamic per slice shimming computes optimal values of x, y, z, and Δf shims in vector s. In the first step of calculations, only axial field maps are included. All shims are computed except the linear z-shim s z .…”

Section: Dynamic Shim Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies describe separate fMRI acquisition of brain and spinal cord. Dobek & Beynon et al studied how music mitigates pain by comparing fMRI activation in participants subject to noxious thermal stimuli. Khan and Stroman characterized responses in brain and spinal cord by correlating fMRI activation under noxious heat stimuli to subjective pain ratings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic per slice shimming for simultaneous brain and spinal cord fMRI

Islam

Law

Weber

et al. 2018

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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Purpose Simultaneous brain and spinal cord functional MRI is emerging as a new tool to study the central nervous system but is challenging. Poor B0 homogeneity and small size of the spinal cord are principal obstacles to this nascent technology. Here we extend a dynamic shimming approach, first posed by Finsterbusch, by shimming per slice for both the brain and spinal cord. Methods We shim dynamically by a simple and fast optimization of linear field gradients and frequency offset separately for each slice in order to minimize off‐resonance for both the brain and spinal cord. Simultaneous acquisition of brain and spinal cord fMRI is achieved with high spatial resolution in the spinal cord by means of an echo‐planar RF pulse for reduced FOV. Brain slice acquisition is full FOV. Results T2*‐weighted images of brain and spinal cord are acquired with high clarity and minimal observable image artifacts. Fist‐clenching fMRI experiments reveal task‐consistent activation in motor cortices, cerebellum, and C6‐T1 spinal segments. Conclusions High quality functional results are obtained for a sensory‐motor task. Consistent activation in both the brain and spinal cord is observed at individual levels, not only at group level. Because reduced FOV excitation is applicable to any spinal cord section, future continuation of these methods holds great potential.

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Music Modulation of Pain Perception and Pain-Related Activity in the Brain, Brain Stem, and Spinal Cord: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Cited by 132 publications

References 53 publications

Continuous Descending Modulation of the Spinal Cord Revealed by Functional MRI

Continuous Descending Modulation of the Spinal Cord Revealed by Functional MRI

Functional magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spinal cord during thermal stimulation across consecutive runs

Dynamic per slice shimming for simultaneous brain and spinal cord fMRI

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