Music predictability and liking enhance pupil dilation and promote motor learning in non-musicians

Bianco, Roberta; Gold, Benjamin P.; Johnson, Aaron P.; Penhune, Virginia B.

doi:10.1101/812834

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…A growing body of evidence suggests that listeners encode the degree of uncertainty of auditory signals (Barascud et al, 2016; Bianco et al, 2019, 2020; Garrido et al, 2013; Hsu et al, 2015; Lumaca et al, 2019; Quiroga-Martinez et al, 2019a, 2019b; Sohoglu & Chait, 2016; Southwell & Chait, 2018). However, very little is known about how this ability changes in listeners with abnormal auditory function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Listeners with congenital amusia are sensitive to context uncertainty in melodic sequences

Quiroga-Martinez¹,

Tillmann

Brattico

et al. 2020

Preprint

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AbstractIn typical listeners, the perceptual salience of a surprising auditory event depends on the uncertainty of its context. For example, in melodies, pitch deviants are more easily detected and generate larger neural responses when the context is highly predictable than when it is less so. However, it is not known whether amusic listeners with abnormal pitch processing are sensitive to the degree of uncertainty of pitch sequences and, if so, whether they are to a different extent than typical listeners. To answer this question, we manipulated the uncertainty of short melodies while participants with and without congenital amusia underwent EEG recordings in a passive listening task. Uncertainty was manipulated by presenting melodies with different levels of complexity and familiarity, under the assumption that simpler and more familiar patterns would enhance pitch predictability. We recorded mismatch negativity (MMN) responses to pitch, intensity, timbre, location, and rhythm deviants as a measure of auditory surprise. We found reduced MMN amplitudes and longer peak latencies for all sound features with increasing levels of complexity, and putative familiarity effects only for intensity deviants. No significant group-by-complexity or group-by-familiarity interactions were detected. However, in amusics, pitch MMN responses peaked later and were disrupted in high complexity and unfamiliar melodies. Our results indicate that amusics are sensitive to the uncertainty of melodic sequences and hint at pitch-specific impairments in this population when uncertainty is high. As previous research has linked amusia with abnormal frontotemporal connectivity, our findings potentially suggest that processing pitch under high uncertainty conditions requires an intact frontotemporal loop.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Listeners with congenital amusia are sensitive to context uncertainty in melodic sequences

Quiroga-Martinez¹,

Tillmann

Brattico

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This indicates that monkeys' internal state 38 changed across Real and Shuffled music and suggests that monkeys' nervous system was relatively more engaged by the Real music. This interpretation is supported by evidence showing that sustained pupil dilation is induced by regular auditory patterns in monkeys 39 , and by attended 40 , familiar 41 or pleasant 42,43 musical stimuli in humans.…”

mentioning

confidence: 69%

“…It uses the same probability distribution but incorporates the event at 't'. Although "surprisal" provides a precise technical term for quantifying the information gained (or uncertainty reduced) when an event occurs, here we use the term "surprise" to better relate to previous work using the IDyOM model 26,43,[70][71][72] . In sum, E is often used to reflect the "uncertainty" about the event at 't' before it occurs, whilst S reflects its unexpectedness once the event has occurred.…”

Section: Information Dynamics Of Music Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this way, IDyOM can generate both schematic and dynamic predictions 14 based on both global regularities (from the training material) and local regularities (from the portion of the sequence heard up to that point). In line with previous literature 26,43,72 , we used an unbounded n-gram configuration that uses contexts up to the size of each musical piece. We also run additional analyses using IDyOM configurations with reduced model order-bound (1 to 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24) to reproduce differences in short-term memory.…”

Section: Information Dynamics Of Music Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neural encoding of musical expectations in non-human primates

Bianco,

Zuk,

Bigand

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The appreciation of music is a universal trait of humankind. Evidence supporting this notion includes the ubiquity of music across cultures and the natural predisposition towards music that humans display early in development. Are we musical animals because of species-specific predispositions? This question cannot be answered by relying on cross-cultural or developmental studies alone, as these cannot rule out enculturation. Instead, it calls for cross-species experiments testing if homologous neural mechanisms underlying music perception are present in non-human primates. We present music to two rhesus monkeys, reared without musical exposure while recording electroencephalography (EEG) and pupillometry. Monkeys exhibit higher engagement and neural encoding of expectations based on the previously seeded musical context when passively listening to real music, as opposed to shuffled controls. We then compare human and monkey neural responses to the same stimuli and find a species-dependent contribution of two fundamental musical features – pitch and timing– in generating expectations: whilst timing- and pitch-based probabilistic expectations are similarly weighted in humans, monkeys rely on timing rather than pitch. These results highlight a conserved auditory mechanism underlying music perception, i.e. a primitive sensitivity to temporal regularities that may have served as an intermediate step towards the evolution of human musicality. This work further sets the stage for future cross-species and developmental comparative studies to non-invasively track neural encoding of naturalistic musical stimuli.

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“…A number of studies have showed that pitch proximity plays an important role in musicality [21,10,6,22], specifically that musicality is associated with smaller pitch intervals. Larger intervals often trigger discontinuity, which disrupts the listener's expectation for the progression of a pattern [23,24].…”

Section: Prediction Errors Depend On Pitch Intervalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relating Human Perception of Musicality to Prediction in a Predictive Coding Model

Nikolas¹,

Huang²,

Umoren³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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We explore the use of a neural network inspired by predictive coding for modeling human music perception. This network was developed based on the computational neuroscience theory of recurrent interactions in the hierarchical visual cortex. When trained with video data using self-supervised learning, the model manifests behaviors consistent with human visual illusions. Here, we adapt this network to model the hierarchical auditory system and investigate whether it will make similar choices to humans regarding the musicality of a set of random pitch sequences. When the model is trained with a large corpus of instrumental classical music and popular melodies rendered as mel spectrograms, it exhibits greater prediction errors for random pitch sequences that are rated less musical by human subjects. We found that the prediction error depends on the amount of information regarding the subsequent note, the pitch interval, and the temporal context. Our findings suggest that predictability is correlated with human perception of musicality and that a predictive coding neural network trained on music can be used to characterize the features and motifs contributing to human perception of music. 1

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Music predictability and liking enhance pupil dilation and promote motor learning in non-musicians

Cited by 3 publications

References 90 publications

Listeners with congenital amusia are sensitive to context uncertainty in melodic sequences

Listeners with congenital amusia are sensitive to context uncertainty in melodic sequences

Neural encoding of musical expectations in non-human primates

Relating Human Perception of Musicality to Prediction in a Predictive Coding Model

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