In music, transcription is the practice of notating a piece or a sound which was previously unnotated and/or unpopular as a written music". An absolute transcription will be performed only when the timing, pitching, and instruments of all sound events are solved. In music transcription systems, a MIDI file is found to be a suitable format for melodic notations. This survey intends to make a review of 65 papers that concern music transcription using machine learning techniques. Accordingly, systematic analyses of the adopted techniques are carried out and presented briefly. The performances and related maximum achievements of each contribution are also portrayed in this survey. Moreover, the various datasets used in music transcription techniques were considered and reviewed in this work. Finally, the survey portrays the research problems and weaknesses that may be supportive for researchers to introduce the latest techniques related to music transcription.