Music Therapy Decreases Sadness and Increases Happiness in Alzheimer Patients: A Pilot Study

Abstract

Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible neuro-degenerative dementia that causes emotional disorders such as anxiety and depression associated with low well-being and changes of state of mind. The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of a music therapy protocol as a tool to improve basic emotions in AD. Methods It is an analytical, experimental and prospective study. 30 Alzheimer patients of a mild level with an average age of 76,28 ± 4,6 years, participated in the study. Participants were randomly assigned either to a Control Group (n=15) or an Intervention Group (n=15) that received music therapy twice a week during three months (24 sessions). Due to some limitations of the work, it is only a pilot study. Results The data showed that no significant differences exist between pre and post values in the control group (that did not receive music therapy) in any basic emotion measure (fear, happiness, anger and sadness). However, in the intervention group (that received music therapy for three months) a significant improvement can be observed in all the emotions comparing pre and post intervention (more happiness and less fear, anger and sadness). Moreover, the result comparing control and intervention group between them in post-session showed that the patients of the intervention groups had a significant improvement in happiness and sadness after the application of music therapy. Conclusions An intervention using music therapy increases the state of happiness and decreases sadness in mild Alzheimer sufferers.

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“…The results of various studies also show the effect of music on reducing stress and improving sleep in patients. Music-based interventions have increasingly attracted the attention of researchers and health care providers because, in terms of implementation, it is a cheap and easily applicable treatment method and is very enjoyable for patients [12][13][14][15][16]. Due to the increasing trend of aging and diseases of this period such as dementia and Alzheimer's, health systems should pay special attention to non-pharmacological interventions.…”

A Focus on the Reminiscence Bump to Personalize Music Playlists for Dementia

“…RMT has been found to improve happiness and decrease sadness in subjects, whilst also decreasing cortisol and increasing melatonin concentrations, reducing stress and improving quality of sleep. 29 , 30 Noting that RMT can help to reduce psychological and behavioral symptoms, improving the quality of life of participants, Cunningham et al 38 suggested that by associating music with a task, the participant with AD would complete the task more successfully, thus improving quality of life. In the context of personalized music, Costa et al 31 found that listening to “preferred music” decreased depression scores in a sample of care home residents.…”