Muslims’ Affective and Cognitive Attitudes towards Formal Dementia Care in South Africa: Do They Vary according to Family Structure and the Experience of Familial Caregiving?

Ramaboa, Kutlwano; Fredericks, Iman

doi:10.1159/000505833

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Negative attitudes to formal care exist among some family members and in some societies irre-spective of economic status, with religious beliefs contributing to the perspective. 131 A study in South Africa showed that less than one third of respondents were willing to pay for formal home caregivers, with higher education, female sex, and older age associated with willingness to pay. 132 The challenges of formal care setting include the risk of delirium associated with dementia due to infective causes.…”

Section: Living With Dementia In Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To relieve caregiver burden, formal home care is a viable option in high‐income countries but not in Africa. Negative attitudes to formal care exist among some family members and in some societies irrespective of economic status, with religious beliefs contributing to the perspective 131 . A study in South Africa showed that less than one third of respondents were willing to pay for formal home caregivers, with higher education, female sex, and older age associated with willingness to pay 132 .…”

Section: Current Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Dementia in Africa: Current evidence, knowledge gaps, and future directions

Akinyemi

Yaria

Ojagbemi

et al. 2021

Alzheimer's & Dementia

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In tandem with the ever-increasing aging population in low and middle-income countries, the burden of dementia is rising on the African continent. Dementia prevalence varies from 2.3% to 20.0% and incidence rates are 13.3 per 1000 person-years with increasing mortality in parts of rapidly transforming Africa. Differences in nutrition, cardiovascular factors, comorbidities, infections, mortality, and detection likely contribute to lower incidence. Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, and human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated neurocognitive disorders are the most common dementia subtypes. Comprehensive longitudinal studies with robust methodology and regional coverage would provide more reliable information. The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele is most studied but has shown differential effects within African ancestry compared to Caucasian. More candidate gene and genome-wide association studies are needed to relate to dementia phenotypes.Validated culture-sensitive cognitive tools not influenced by education and language differences are critically needed for implementation across multidisciplinary groupings such as the proposed African Dementia Consortium.

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Section: Living With Dementia In Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Current Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Dementia in Africa: Current evidence, knowledge gaps, and future directions

Akinyemi

Yaria

Ojagbemi

et al. 2021

Alzheimer's & Dementia

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“…Only 28% of the respondents in our sample were agreeable to paid home caregiving for PWD. This was not an unexpected result, however, as research has shown how in societies where co-residential setups are preferred, attitudes towards and the use of external services is generally not accepted [3,17,37]. In addition, for Muslim societies, religion has been shown to play a role in slowing cognitive decline, is a coping strategy, and has a positive impact on quality of life for PWD [2,39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Cultural norms influence the type of care arrangements for the elderly, with familial cultures more likely to show a preference for home-based care [37]. The value of filial piety which underpins Islam influences the negative perceptions towards delegating caregiving outside the family network [2,4,17]. Economic development and globalisation are impacting the family support network globally, however, resulting in an aging population and an increase in the residential separation of generations [2,5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Formal care and paid home care for PWD are still taboo in some Muslim societies due to subjectivity in the understanding of caring for PWD related to the diverse religious and cultural schools of thoughts within Islam [1]. Extant research also highlights adverse stigma, guilt, and negative perceptions towards care provided outside of the family network and cultural influence, as factors that have resulted in an unwillingness by Muslim families to use external assistance or admit loved ones into formal care [2,17]. Furthermore, extant geriatric facilities are not suitable for Muslims in non-Islamic countries where the religion is a minority [2,3,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Demographic Characteristics Associated with the Likelihood to Use Paid Home Care for People with Dementia among South African Muslims

Ramaboa

Fredericks

2019

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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Background: In societies where the value of filial piety is observed, a preference for caregiving to take place at home exists. In fact, institutional and paid home care for people with dementia (PWD) are still taboo in some Muslim societies. However, economic development and globalisation have resulted in intergenerational separation, thus impacting the ability by young adults to provide care for the elderly at home. Objective: We establish the demographic characteristics most likely to be associated with the use of paid home care -age, gender, education level, marital status, family structure, experience with dementia care in the family, and number of dependents -for PWD among South African Muslims. Methods: A survey, administered in the form of an online questionnaire, of Muslim families across each of the 9 provinces of South Africa was conducted. Multiple logistic regression was used to test the effects of the demographic variables on the type of care choice arrangement (family as primary caregiver vs. paid home caregiving). Results: 422 responses were analysed, 28% of which indicated the respondents' desire to use paid home caregivers. The multiple logistic regression results indicate that South African Muslim families are more likely to use paid home care if they are older (that is, over 40 years; OR = 1.972, 95% CI: 1.445-2.695), are female (OR = 1.637, 95% CI: 1.089-2.457), and have high levels of education (OR = 1.828, 95% CI: 1.070-3.125). Conclusion: Home-based care is touted as the next dementia care model. Given that intergenerational mobility is likely to increase as future generations continue to participate more in the labour market, minority groups with a disposition to the same familial social values will require appropriate support in order to cope with the demands of caring for PWD. Suitable interventions for Muslim families who are not open to using external assistance, as well as those who are, need to be administered to enable the caregiver and care recipient to thrive at home.

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Religious Influences on the Experience of Family Carers of People with Dementia in a British Pakistani Muslim Community

Kevern¹,

Lawrence²,

Nazir³

et al. 2022

Healthcare

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This paper reports on a study that begins to address the paucity of research around the religious motivations of Muslim carers of family members with dementia. Seven carers were recruited for interviews from the British Pakistani Muslim community concentrated in the Midlands and North of England. Interview transcripts were analysed thematically using an iterative collaborative methodology. The findings suggested that the Muslim faith plays a pivotal role as a support mechanism for individual carers and their families, but the wider faith community and its leaders did not typically offer support and could impede access to external care. This was a result of cultural pressure and lack of awareness both among religious leaders and the community as a whole. The study concluded that the inequality in access to dementia services may be constructively addressed if service providers engage with these faith concerns in the community and religious leaders to meet the needs of Muslims of British Pakistani origin.

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Muslims’ Affective and Cognitive Attitudes towards Formal Dementia Care in South Africa: Do They Vary according to Family Structure and the Experience of Familial Caregiving?

Cited by 3 publications

References 33 publications

Dementia in Africa: Current evidence, knowledge gaps, and future directions

Dementia in Africa: Current evidence, knowledge gaps, and future directions

Demographic Characteristics Associated with the Likelihood to Use Paid Home Care for People with Dementia among South African Muslims

Religious Influences on the Experience of Family Carers of People with Dementia in a British Pakistani Muslim Community

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