Muslims in France: Identifying a Discriminatory Equilibrium

Adida, Claire L.; Laitin, David D.; Valfort, Marie‐Anne

doi:10.2139/ssrn.2114592

Cited by 22 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…The idea that immigrants may respond to such behavior by investing less in assimilation and retreating into their own ethnic enclaves has found some empirical support. Adida, Laitin, and Valfort (2014) identify a "discriminatory equilibrium" in France, whereby Muslims react to discrimination with alienation and mistrust toward natives. Schildkraut (2005) documents a correlation between Latinos' perceptions of discrimination and low political participation.…”

Section: Discrimination and Assimilationmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Do Immigrants Respond to Discrimination? The Case of Germans in the US During World War I

Fouka

2019

Am Polit Sci Rev

102

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I study the effect of taste-based discrimination on the assimilation decisions of immigrant minorities. Do discriminated minority groups increase their assimilation efforts in order to avoid discrimination and public harassment or do they become alienated and retreat in their own communities? I exploit an exogenous shock to native attitudes, anti-Germanism in the United States during World War I, to empirically identify the reactions of German immigrants to increased native hostility. I use two measures of assimilation efforts: naming patterns and petitions for naturalization. In the face of increased discrimination, Germans increase their assimilation investments by Americanizing their own and their children’s names and filing more petitions for US citizenship. These responses are stronger in states that registered higher levels of anti-German hostility, as measured by voting patterns and incidents of violence against Germans.

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Section: Discrimination and Assimilationmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Do Immigrants Respond to Discrimination? The Case of Germans in the US During World War I

Fouka

2019

Am Polit Sci Rev

102

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“…Studies, for example, have shown that a significant number of Europeans believe that Muslim immigrants might take their jobs or bring insecurity to their countries (Abdelkader ). Today significant numbers of non‐Muslims, including citizens and government officials, think that European Muslims are terrorists; many European Muslims, in return, have lost their faith and trust in European governments (Adida, Laitin and Valfort ; Fekete ). A recent meta‐analysis suggests that mutual threat perception drives both anti‐Muslim and anti‐Western hostility in Europe and the United States (Obaidi et al ).…”

Section: Historical Background and Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perception of Western governments’ hostility to Islam among European Muslims before and after ISIS: the important roles of residential segregation and education

Hekmatpour

Burns

2019

British Journal of Sociology

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Perception of Western governments’ hostility to Islam is one of the indicating features of Islamic fundamentalism and, in some cases, is serving as a pull to join extremist groups. In this paper, using data from two waves of a cross‐national survey, we investigate what affects European Muslims’ opinions about Western governments. We find that residential segregation is associated with perceived hostility of Western governments to Islam. Further, we find that Muslims living in segregated neighbourhoods and enclaves have a higher probability of believing that Western governments are hostile to Islam. National origins of Muslim immigrants have a significant impact, with people from African countries measuring less perceived hostility than others. We also find that education is associated with perceived hostility of Western governments to Islam in a non‐linear way. People with the highest and lowest levels of education tend to be less likely to believe that Western governments are hostile to Islam, relative to people with mid‐level education. This non‐linear effect is best explained by education’s differential effects on perceptions of key world events. During the time between 2011 – before ISIS’s announcement of its Caliphate in Iraq and Syria – and 2013, subsequent to that announcement, we see a sharp decrease in perception of Western governments’ hostility to Islam, particularly among more educated European Muslims. We make the case that this decrease can be attributed, in some ways, to the emergence of ISIS. We discuss our findings in terms of theoretical and policy implications.

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“…4 As a consequence, it may lower hiring and wage discrimination. On the one hand, following Becker's (1957) model of taste-based discrimination, employers as well as their employees and customers may have less distaste for interacting with well-integrated migrants compared with their less integrated counterparts (Adida et al, 2014;Handy and Greenspan, 2009). On the other hand, following Arrow's (1973) model of statistical discrimination, the volunteering signal may weaken stereotypes with respect to foreign job candidates' productivity, values and motivation (Baert and De Pauw, 2014;Derous et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immigrant volunteering: A way out of labour market discrimination?

Baert

Vujić

2016

Economics Letters

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Many governments encourage migrants to participate in volunteer activities as a stepping stone to labour market integration. In the present study, we investigate whether this prosocial engagement lowers the hiring discrimination against them. To this end, we use unique data from a field experiment in which fictitious job applications are sent in response to real vacancies in Belgium. Ethnic origin and volunteer activities are randomly assigned to these applications. While non-volunteering native candidates receive more than twice as many job interview invitations as non-volunteering migrants, no unequal treatment is found between natives and migrants when they reveal volunteer activities.

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Muslims in France: Identifying a Discriminatory Equilibrium

Cited by 22 publications

References 40 publications

How Do Immigrants Respond to Discrimination? The Case of Germans in the US During World War I

How Do Immigrants Respond to Discrimination? The Case of Germans in the US During World War I

Perception of Western governments’ hostility to Islam among European Muslims before and after ISIS: the important roles of residential segregation and education

Immigrant volunteering: A way out of labour market discrimination?

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