Mustelidae

Kollias, George V.; Fernández-Morán, Jesús

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4557-7397-8.00048-7

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Their populations are also increasing in several European countries [ 7 , 8 ]. Importantly, mustelids are frequently kept in captivity as household pets [ 9 ] and may become tick-infested when they are walked, increasing the significance of knowledge on their tick-borne pathogens. Another important carnivore that is associated with rural and peri-urban habitats is the European wild cat ( Felis silvestris ), which is the most common wild felid species in Europe [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular epidemiological study on ticks and tick-borne protozoan parasites (Apicomplexa: Cytauxzoon and Hepatozoon spp.) from wild cats (Felis silvestris), Mustelidae and red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) in central Europe, Hungary

et al. 2022

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Background Among live wild mammals adapted to urban and peri-urban habitats in Europe, members of the families Felidae, Mustelidae and Sciuridae deserve special attention as pathogen reservoirs because all of these families include members that are kept as pets. We report here the results of our study on two important groups of tick-borne protozoan parasites in ticks and tissues of wild cats, mustelids and red squirrels. Methods DNA was extracted from the tissues of carnivores (wild cats, mustelids; n = 16) and red squirrels (n = 4), as well as from ixodid ticks (n = 89) collected from these hosts. These DNA extracts were screened for piroplasms and Hepatozoon spp. using conventional PCR analysis and sequencing. In addition, 53 pooled samples of 259 questing Haemaphysalis concinna ticks were evaluated for the presence of Hepatozoon DNA, followed by phylogenetic analyses. Results One wild cat was found to be coinfected with Cytauxzoon europaeus and a new genotype of Hepatozoon felis, and two additional wild cats were infected with H. felis from a different phylogenetic group. In mustelids, Hepatozoon martis and two further Hepatozoon genotypes were detected. The latter clustered separately, close to others reported from eastern Asia. In addition, Hepatozoon sciuri was detected in red squirrels. Morphologic and molecular analyses verified eight tick species. One wild cat was infected with a H. felis genotype that was significantly different from that in Ixodes ricinus females infesting this cat. Only three pools of questing H. concinna nymphs tested positive for Hepatozoon, one of which contained H. martis. Conclusions This study provides the first evidence of the occurrence of any Cytauxzoon species and of three Hepatozoon species in Hungary. In addition to H. martis, two further mustelid-associated Hepatozoon genotypes were detected, one of which was new in terms of phylogenetic and broader geographical contexts. This may be the first indication that H. felis genotypes from both of its phylogenetic groups occur in Europe. This also appears to be the first evidence of H. felis and C. europaeus coinfection in felids in Europe, and of autochthonous H. felis infection in wild cats north of the Mediterranean Basin. New tick–host associations were also observed in this study. Based on the results, H. felis and H. martis might survive transstadially in I. ricinus and H. concinna, respectively. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular epidemiological study on ticks and tick-borne protozoan parasites (Apicomplexa: Cytauxzoon and Hepatozoon spp.) from wild cats (Felis silvestris), Mustelidae and red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) in central Europe, Hungary

et al. 2022

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“…Pyometra and various uterine neoplasms in mustelids have been reported [17,18]. Consequently, it is assumed that uterine diseases may occur in otters as well, which also belong to Mustelidae.…”

Section: --62mentioning

confidence: 99%

Laparoscopic Ovariohysterectomy in Asian Small-clawed Otters (<i>Aonyx cinerea</i>)

Ito

Kanai²,

Ito

et al. 2023

Jpn. J. Zoo Wildl. Med.

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Surgery Case reportFemale Asian small-clawed otters (Aonyx cinerea ) in aquariums and zoos might need to be sterilized to prevent reproduction and disease or for pedigree-based genetic management. When performing contraceptive surgery, ovariohysterectomy or ovariectomy via laparotomy is required.However, there is concern that self-injury, such as scratching at the surgical incisions, can lead to numerous complications. Meanwhile, in the field of companion animal medicine, laparoscopic surgery has become extremely popular and has been used for adrenalectomy, cholecystectomy, hepatic lobectomy, and splenectomy [1]. Additionally, laparoscopic ovariectomy and ovariohysterectomy have usually been performed on dogs and cats [2-4]. According to reports, these procedures result in smaller surgical incisions and less postoperative pain [2, 5-7]. Moreover, the incidence of complications is low and length of hospitalization is short [8]. These advantages of laparoscopic surgery are thought to be of great benefit in the ovariohysterectomy of otters. This report describes the surgical procedures, surgical outcomes, and postoperative management of laparoscopic ovariectomy performed on two otters at Osaka aquarium KAIYUKAN. Laparoscopic ovariohysterectomy was performed at the Kanai Veterinary Surgery hospital on two female Asian smallclawed otters from Osaka Aquarium KAIYUKAN. Each otter underwent surgery on a different day. Otter A was a 3.09kg, 10-year-old, and otter B was a 3.88-kg, 9-year-old. Both otters had never given birth due to pedigree-based genetic management. During a biannual health examination under anesthesia, renal calculus was confirmed by radiography and ultrasonography in both otters. Otter B had previously undergone cystolithotomy. However, hematolog ical examination before surgery revealed no abnormalities.Both otters were fasted for 12 h, and water was withheld for 6 h before surgery. On arrival at the hospital, the otters were placed into an induction chamber and sedated with sevoflurane (Sevofrane, Maruishi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan). They were then weighed and intubated using a 3-mm endotracheal tube. Sedation was maintained with 2.5-3.5% sevoflurane with 100% oxygen (1 L/min) using an anesthesia machine (Apollo, Dräger, Lübeck, Germany), which

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“…The Mustelidae family is a diverse group of small carnivorous mammals, which includes species such as weasels, otters, badgers, martens, minks, and wolverines. Mustelids are found worldwide and occupy a wide range of habitats, including forests, grasslands, wetlands, and even urban areas [24,25]. Mustelids are primarily carnivorous, feeding on a variety of prey.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their diet includes small mammals, birds, sh, amphibians, reptiles, and invertebrates. Some are known to scavenge and can consume carrion [25][26][27][28]. The American mink (Neogale vison), the European badger (Meles meles), the European pine marten (Martes martes), the beech marten (Martes foina), the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra), stoat (Mustela erminea), the least weasel (Mustela nivalis) and European polecat (Mustela putorius) are present in Lithuania [24,29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Distribution of Sarcocsytis Species Described by Ungulates-Canids Life Cycle in Intestines of Small Predators of the Family Mustelidae

Šneideris,

Moskaliova,

Butkauskas

et al. 2024

Acta Parasit.

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PurposeUsing molecular techniques, we have previously shown that carnivorous mammals of the family Mustelidae might be common de nitive hosts for various protozoan Sarcocystis species. In the present study we aimed to unravel whether Sarcocystisspecies using ungulates as intermediate hosts and canids or felids as de nitive hosts can be found in intestine of mustelids. MethodsSmall intestine samples of 93 individual mustelids of ve different species from Lithuania were examined. Sarcocystis species were identi ed based on species-speci c PCR and subsequent cox1 sequencing. ResultsSix Sarcocystis species (S. arieticanis, S. bertrami, S. capracanis, S. capreolicanis, S. linearis and S. morae) de ned by ungulate-canid life cycle were detected for the rst time in small intestines of mustelids. By contrast, the prevalence of Sarcocystis characterised by ungulate-felid life cycle was low (3.2 %). Overall, 76 % of the examined animals were positive for at least one of the studied Sarcocystis species. Four species, S. arieticanis, S. bertrami, S. capracanis and S. moraewere most commonly found, with the detection rate of about 40 %. ConclusionsCurrent nding, in addition to our previous studies, suggests that mustelids play an important role in the spread of various Sarcocystisspecies.

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Mustelidae

Cited by 15 publications

References 19 publications

Molecular epidemiological study on ticks and tick-borne protozoan parasites (Apicomplexa: Cytauxzoon and Hepatozoon spp.) from wild cats (Felis silvestris), Mustelidae and red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) in central Europe, Hungary

Molecular epidemiological study on ticks and tick-borne protozoan parasites (Apicomplexa: Cytauxzoon and Hepatozoon spp.) from wild cats (Felis silvestris), Mustelidae and red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) in central Europe, Hungary

Laparoscopic Ovariohysterectomy in Asian Small-clawed Otters (<i>Aonyx cinerea</i>)

The Distribution of Sarcocsytis Species Described by Ungulates-Canids Life Cycle in Intestines of Small Predators of the Family Mustelidae

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