Mutagenic and membranal effect of a phytotoxic molecule isolated from olive leaves parasitized by the fungusCycloconium oleaginum Cast

Abstract

A phytotoxic substance (C23H44O3) which is named 'Substance A', was purified from olive leaves infected with Cycloconium oleaginum Cast. The mutagenic effect of this substance was detected using TA 100 and TA 102 strains of Salmonella in the Ames test using Bacillus subtilis strains M45 rec-, H17 rec+ in the rec assay. Another substance manifesting the mutagenic effect was found in the extract from the Cycloconium oleaginum culture. This substance was not detected in the extract from contaminated olive leaves. Substance A increased electrolytes leakage from tissue of olive leaves, thus manifesting its phytotoxicity.

Polarimetric observables for the enhanced visualization of plant diseases

“…This degradation process leads to a release of cytoplasmic contents of palisade cells at advanced infection stages, which may affect the cuticle by reducing the resistance to water loss and causing stress on leaf tissues. Interestingly, the chlorotic ring on O. europaea might be also caused by fungal phytotoxins, as it was previously reported 52 . On the basis of the above comments, it is not surprising that a same symptom, i.e.…”

Use of solid residue from the olive industry

“…Other significant qualities associated with olive leaf extracts include that of being a hypotensor (Khayyal et al, 2002), a hypoglucemiant (Manceau et al, 1942;González et al,1992;Trovato et al, 1993;Komaki et al, 2003), a hypocholesterolmiant (De Pasquale et al, 1991), cardioprotective (Cicosta et al, 1990), radioprotective (Benavente-García et al, 2002), anti-HIV (Lee-Huang et al, 2003) and anti-viral (Micol et al, 2003), antimutagenic (Yahiaoui et al, 1994), anticarcinogenic (Pieroni et al, 1996;Onderoglu et al, 1999;Hamdi and Castellon. 2005;Kosak and Stern, 1962), hypotensive (Kosak and Stern, 1960), and anti-inflammatory (Fehri et al, 1996).…”