Mutagenic characterization of soil and water samples from a superfund site

Comparisons between microscale and whole-sediment assays for freshwater sediment toxicity assessment

“…It is well known that most Ž PAHs require metabolic activation West et al, 1988; . Donnelly et al, 1988;Marvin et al, 1995 . We have attempted to demonstrate the utility of microscale assays for sediment toxicity assessment and to evaluate their merits for inclusion in a test battery. Selection of bioassays for a representative test battery is never a simple task.…”

Mutagenicity assessment of contaminated soil in the vicinity of industrial area

“…The contaminants of these soil samples varied widely, e.g., polychlorinated biphenyl (Donnelly et al 1988;DeMarini et al 1992;Cotelle et al 1999), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Ehrlichmann et al 2000), heavy metals (Cotelle et al 1999;Ehrlichmann et al 2000) solvents (Cotelle et al 1999), munition wastes (Ehrlichmann et al 2000), wood-preserving wastes (McDaniels et al 1993;Randerath et al 1994), etc. Some authors reported about the mutagenic activity of pesticides, applying many biological assays (Siroki et al 2001;Celik et al 2003;Asita and Makhalemele 2008;Steckert et al 2009).…”

Genotoxicity of Soil.

“…polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs), 10,12,24) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 19) heavy metals, 19,22,24) solvents, 24) munition wastes, 19) wood preserving wastes 14,21) etc. 24,25) Donnelly et al 10) evaluated the genotoxicity of soil samples collected from the vicinity of a PCB disposal area, using the Salmonella mutation assay. They reported that sequential extracts of the soil samples with methylene chloride and methanol were mutagenic toward strain TA98 in the presence of the mammalian metabolic activation system (S9 mix), however, none of the samples induced a positive response in the absence of S9 mix.…”

“…[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Other DNA damage assays, chromosome assays and so *To whom correspondence should be addressed: Department of Public Health, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Nakauchicho, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan. Tel.…”

“…The leachates from soil samples were generally made by shaking soil samples with aqueous 4,19,[21][22][23][24][25] and/or organic 9,11,18,21,23,25) solvents. An ultrasonic apparatus, 6,7,15,16,20) a Soxhlet extractor 5,[12][13][14]17) and so forth 8,10) were also used to obtain extracts of soil. In the genotoxicity assay of soil samples using plants, aqueous extracts of the soil samples were often used to treat the roots of plants or plant cuttings.…”