Mutagenic Effect of Three Nitrogenous Fertilizers on Drosophila melanogaster

El-Din, Adel E.; Abd-El-Samie, Emtithal M.; Faheem, Hoda B.; Ibrahim, M.; Ramzy, Adel; Salama, Mohamed S.

doi:10.1508/cytologia.74.201

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Urea exhibited a direct mutagenic effect on postmeiotic stages, whereas ammonium nitrate and calcium nitrate revealed an indirect mutagenic effect on meiotic and pre-meiotic stages in Drosophila melanogaster, as reported by El-Din et al (2009). This study showed that the tested nitrogenous fertilizers possesses mutagenic potentialities which are related to their nitrogen content, as also reported by Arora et al (2014) with AT.…”

Section: Cyto-genotoxicity Of Fertilizers Monitored By Allium Root Tisupporting

confidence: 78%

An evaluation for the standardization of theAllium cepatest as cytotoxicity and genotoxicity assay

Firbas²,

et al. 2018

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A general report on the use of the Allium test as cytotoxicological and genotoxicological assay is proposed, with particular emphasis about the standardization of the test in several common applications. The intraspecific variation in Allium cepa has been overlooked, as in most investigations no mention is made about origin and denomination of the onion cultivar used. A standardization of the used material would allow a better generalization of the results, since we cannot be sure that all cultivars would give the same response. A more frequent use of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigation is proposed. Even if relatively time consuming and not available in all laboratories, it may help to better understand the mechanism of cytotoxicity, since many morphological characters may appear similar but be arisen from different processes observable only with TEM. About statistical testing, tests other than chi-squared may be used in case of a lower amount of data. The most commonly used statistical tests are the parametric tests ANOVA and Student's t, and the nonparametric tests Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U, for analysis of variance. Tests should be used also to assess the minimal sample dimension for obtaining significance, since data collection (microscope observation) appears to be one of the main bottle necks of the test. Also the use of the Allium test for testing liposomes and other nanovectors for drug delivery is proposed, in order to assess the cytotoxicity of these types of medium and the possible increase in cytotoxicity of the associated drug.

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Section: Cyto-genotoxicity Of Fertilizers Monitored By Allium Root Tisupporting

confidence: 78%

An evaluation for the standardization of theAllium cepatest as cytotoxicity and genotoxicity assay

Firbas²,

et al. 2018

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“…Similar cytotoxic effects of other fertilizers has been shown by Chaudhari and Chaudhari (2013) and Oney and Tabur (2013). There are reports of mutagenic effects of N fertilizers in animals also (El-Din et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Monitoring of genotoxic risks of nitrogen fertilizers byAllium cepaL. mitosis bioassay

2016

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The present study deals with the assessment of genotoxic effects of the two most commonly used nitrogen (N) fertilizers, ammonium nitrate and urea, using the Allium cepa L. root mitosis bioassay system. Allium cepa mitosis bioassay is known for its sensitivity and it is a classical test for studying chemical toxicity. A pot experiment was set up, in which ammonium nitrate and urea were added to soil at the rate of 200 mg N kg −1 soil. Roots from onion bulbs were fixed in the first and second week after treatment (WAT). Cytological analysis revealed dividing cells and different types of dividing cell anomalies and interphase nuclear anomalies. Per cent mitotic index and per cent anomalies in dividing cells were significantly higher in ammonium nitrate treated root tip cells. Urea proved to be mitodepressive in both weeks. Anomalies in dividing cells and interphase nuclear anomalies were also observed in the second WAT in both treatments. Per cent interphase nuclear anomalies were higher in case of urea. Therefore, nitrogen fertilizers should be used judiciously, to avoid or minimize the genotoxic risks.

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“…in Vicia hybrida (Tabur and Oney 2009). El-Din et al (2009) observed mutagenic potentialities of N fertilizers in animals also. Some reports showed the cytogenotoxic effects of fertilizers on Vicia faba and Allium cepa (Oney and Tabur 2013, Verma et al 2016, Verma and Srivastava 2017.…”

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confidence: 89%

Bioassessment of Genotoxicity Due to Flux in Soil Nitrogen Dynamics Caused by Addition of Ammonium Nitrate

Verma

Srivastava

2018

CYTOLOGIA

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Plants can utilize soil nitrogen (N) as ammonium-N (NH 4 +-N) or nitrate-N (NO 3-N). Ammonium nitrate, an inorganic N fertilizer, having both forms of N, when added to the soil, causes an immediate change in the soil N dynamics. The ratio of ammonium to nitrate keeps changing and influences the soil pH and thus the rhizosphere environment sometimes making it toxic. To investigate the genotoxicity of ammonium nitrate fertilizer; Allium cepa L. was used as a model plant. A pot experiment was designed in which ammonium nitrate fertilizer was added to soil at the rate of 0.0, 0.2, 0.5, 0.8, 1 and 2 mg N g 1. Inorganic N nutrients in the form of NH 4 +-N and NO 3-N of soil samples and their ratio were investigated at 1, 7, 15, 30 and 45 days after treatment (DAT). Allium bulbs were also planted in each pot and three replicates were maintained for each dose of ammonium nitrate at 1, 7, 15, 30 and 45 DAT. Roots of Allium bulbs were harvested on the day 3 of sowing and fixed for cytological analysis. The result showed mitodepressive activity at higher concentrations of fertilizer, along with chromosomal anomalies which revealed the genotoxicity of ammonium nitrate. A significant positive correlation was observed between fertilizer concentrations and NH 4 + content of treated samples; similarly NO 3 content also showed a positive correlation. The change in the ratio of NH 4 + to NO 3 with respect to time and treatments are suggested as the possible reason for the disturbance in nuclear and chromosomal behavior.

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Mutagenic Effect of Three Nitrogenous Fertilizers on Drosophila melanogaster

Cited by 5 publications

References 11 publications

An evaluation for the standardization of theAllium cepatest as cytotoxicity and genotoxicity assay

An evaluation for the standardization of theAllium cepatest as cytotoxicity and genotoxicity assay

Monitoring of genotoxic risks of nitrogen fertilizers byAllium cepaL. mitosis bioassay

Bioassessment of Genotoxicity Due to Flux in Soil Nitrogen Dynamics Caused by Addition of Ammonium Nitrate

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