Mutagenic Potential of Imazethapyr Herbicide (Pursuit*) on Vicia faba in the Presence of Urea Fertilizer

Abstract

Imazethapyr herbicide (pursuit*) singly or combined with urea fertilizer on mitotic activity, inducation of mitotic and meiotic abnormalities and changes in the M2 seed storage protein banding patterns has been investigated on Vicia faba plants. A significant reduction in mitotic index was induced after different treatment in both forms (singly or combined). A variety of chromosomal abnormalities were observed in both mitotic and meiotic divisions respresented by stickiness, disturbance, laggards, bridges, multipolar, C-metaphase, breaks and micro and multinuclei. The frequency of these types of abnormalities decrease in case of pursuit herbicide combined with urea fertilizer. Electrophoretic analysis showed that pursuit and its combination with urea has a great ability to induce changes in the protein banding patterns of Vida faba seed storage protein as compared with untreated samples being more pronounced in treatment with the herbicide singly.

Biochemical and cytogenetic effects of Imazethapyr on Cicer arietinum L.

“…As a result, there is an intermixing of fibers, while chromosomes are attached to each other by sub-chromatid bridges [18,26]. The results on chromosome stickiness and clumping are in line with other studies on chemicals such as Imazethapyr in V. faba [1], maleic hydrazide in Trigonella foenum-graecum [25], atrazine in A. cepa [27], IM on wheat [18], and IM on A. cepa [24]. The depolymerization of the nucleic acid caused by mutagenic treatments or partial dissociation, as well as the modification of the nucleoprotein organization, has been justified for such sticking, which render their separation and free movement incomplete; so, they stay connected by the bridges [18,25].…”

“…in the treated plants [18]. Other herbicides such as Imazethapyr on Vicia faba [1], fusilade on lentil [23], IM on wheat [18], IM on Allium cepa [24], and Butachlor on Triticum aestivum L. [20] have shown such effects.…”

“…Agricultural field is exposed to various pests, especially weeds, which are of the greatest restraining factors to the efficient crop production, resulting in a severe reduction in all crop yields. Today's weed control tactics are crop rotations, manual weeding, mechanical practices, and herbicide application [1]. The usage of chemicals to control weeds is not new to mechanized agricultural farming.…”

“…The herbicide leaves a great effect on the normal behavior of chromosomes during mitosis and induces different types of abnormalities. Their frequency depends on the concentration and the duration of treatment, i.e., increasing concentration and duration of treatment leads to a parallel increase in the frequencies of chromosome abnormalities [1].…”

Protective action of vitamin C against mutagenic effects of synthetic food color tartrazine

“…It was interesting to notice in the present study that E102 caused the appearance of new bands which were absent in untreated A. cepa. The appearance of new characteristic bands could be explained on the basis of mutational events at the regulatory system of an unexpected gene(s) that activated it (El-Nahas, 2000). It is well known that gene mutation and changes in gene expression are responsible for changing the banding pattern.…”