Mutagenic Properties of Nitrosated Spermidine

Interaction of mutagenic spermidine-nitrous acid reaction products with uvr- and recA-dependent repair systems in Salmonella

“…It has been proposed that some of the base substitution mutageneses observed after treatment of cells with nitrous acid is mediated by the nitrosation of endogenous cellular amines (20). Cellular amines present in the largest quantity are the polyamines; these are known to potentiate the mutagenic action of nitrous acid (12,20). Polyamines are not themselves mutagenic; on the contrary, they have antimutagenic properties (4).…”

Interception of some direct‐acting mutagens by ergothioneine

“…Nitrosation of polyamines forms a variety of direct-acting mutagens [Kokatnur et al, 1978;Thomas et al, 1979;Hotchkiss et al, 1979;Murphey-Corb et al, 1980, 19831. The prevalence of polyamines in foodstuffs suggests that polyamines may act as important substrates for in vivo nitrosation and subsequent gastric cancer formation [Kokatnur et al, 1978;Hartman, 19821. The best-studied example is the nitrosation of spermidine for which a series of products and conditions for nitrosation have been investigated [Hildrum et al, 1977;Kokatnur et al, 1978;Hotchkiss et al, 1979;Murphey-Corb et al, 19801. We tested for the formation of mutagens in spermidine solutions exposed to sodium nitrite at various pH's and the ability of ergothioneine to quench this mutagenicity (Table I). His-pool-plus-biotin plates where used since this medium allows scoring of revertants in 24 hr in contrast to standard Ames plates where 2 days incubation is required.…”

“…The prevalence of polyamines in foodstuffs suggests that polyamines may act as important substrates for in vivo nitrosation and subsequent gastric cancer formation [Kokatnur et al, 1978;Hartman, 19821. The best-studied example is the nitrosation of spermidine for which a series of products and conditions for nitrosation have been investigated [Hildrum et al, 1977;Kokatnur et al, 1978;Hotchkiss et al, 1979;Murphey-Corb et al, 19801.…”

“…Nitrosation of polyamines forms a variety of direct-acting mutagens [Kokatnur et al, 1978;Thomas et al, 1979;Hotchkiss et al, 1979;Murphey-Corb et al, 1980, 19831. The prevalence of polyamines in foodstuffs suggests that polyamines may act as important substrates for in vivo nitrosation and subsequent gastric cancer formation [Kokatnur et al, 1978;Hartman, 19821.…”

The dual role of antioxidants in the modification of chemical carcinogenesis

“…It is assumed that the inhibition of the carcinogenic action of nitrite plus aminopyrine(89), ethylurea(85,86), methylurea, piperazlne(87) or morpholine (87,88) by vitamin C (Tab.I) proceeds via an analogous mechanism. Corresponding inhibition of mutagenic effects of nitrosatable material in the presence of nitrite has repeatedly been observed(171)(172)(173)(174)(175)(176)(177)(178)(179).It appears possible that the mutagenic material in human feces the presence of which can be suppressed by vitamin C ingestion (180) is in part derived from in vivo nitrosation. These observations have prompted the claim that nitrosatable drugs and foodstuffs should contain sufficient amounts of ascorbic acid to prevent nitrosation (181-182) and that the ingestion of material containing appreciable amounts of nitrite and/or nitrosatable amines such as pickled, salt-cured and smoked food should be combined with adequate amounts of fresh fruit and vegetables (4).…”