Mutagenic properties of PM2.5 urban pollution in the Northern Italy: The nitro-compounds contribution

Traversi, Deborah; Degan, Raffaella; Marco, Roberto de; Gilli, Giorgio; Pignata, Cristina; Villani, Simona; Bono, Roberto

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2009.03.010

Cited by 61 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Results obtained showed that PCA can be considered a useful tool to analyze the association between chemical composition and biological effects of PM and confirmed the hypothesis that PM composition and seasonality play an important role in particle induced toxicity. PM-induced biological effects also in a site with low pollution levels demonstrated that the reduction of dust does not be sufficient to reduce particles toxicity, and this is a matter of concern for all the policies aimed at the protection of human health.In the last years others studies have been developed by the authors (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14) in order to characterized particulate matter and to better understand its relative toxicity. …”

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PM10 in a background urban site: Chemical characteristics and biological effects

Schilirò¹,

Bonetta²,

Alessandria³

et al. 2015

Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology

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PM10 was sampled in a background urban site in Torino, a northern Italian city. PM10 extracts were tested with THP-1 and A-549 cells to evaluate their effects on cell proliferation, LDH Principal Component Analysis (PCA), it was observed that (1) the aqueous extracts induced the inhibition of cell proliferation in the warm season that clustered together to total ions, (2) organic extracts determined a winter cell viability reduction and (3) there was a genotoxic effect associated with PAH and metal concentrations. The analysed low PAH levels were unable to induce significant CYP1A1 expression. The results obtained confirmed that PM composition and seasonality play an important role in particle-induced toxicity. The presence of PM10-induced biological effects at a low polluted site suggested that a reduction of PM10 mass did not seem to be sufficient to reduce its toxicity. Conflict of Interest Statement Click here to download Conflict of Interest Statement: coi etp.pdfDear Editor, we are sending the manuscript "PM 10 in a background urban site: biological effects and chemical characteristics" that we submit for possible publication on Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology.PM 10 from a background urban site in a north Italian city, collected during different seasons have been characterised for the amount of inorganic species, metals and PAHs. The biological effects of aqueous and organic PM extracts on THP-1 monocytes and lung epithelial cell line A549 were evaluated. The role played by the season and chemical fractions on biological effects was investigated using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Thorough PCA was mainly observed that the aqueous extracts induced inhibition of cell proliferation in warm season that clustered together to total ions and that the organic extracts determined a winter cell viability reduction and a genotoxic effect associated with PAH and metals concentrations. The analyzed low PAHs levels were not able to induce a significant CYP1A1 expression. The different sensitivity of biological tests emphasized the need to use different in vitro tests for PM biological effects assessment. Results obtained showed that PCA can be considered a useful tool to analyze the association between chemical composition and biological effects of PM and confirmed the hypothesis that PM composition and seasonality play an important role in particle induced toxicity. PM-induced biological effects also in a site with low pollution levels demonstrated that the reduction of dust does not be sufficient to reduce particles toxicity, and this is a matter of concern for all the policies aimed at the protection of human health.In the last years others studies have been developed by the authors (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14) in order to characterized particulate matter and to better understand its relative toxicity. ________________________________________________________________________________ RESPONSE TO REVIEWER COMMENTS1. Reviewer #1: The authors investigated the PM10 extracts (aqueous a...

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“…In the last years others studies have been developed by the authors (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14) in order to characterized particulate matter and to better understand its relative toxicity. 3.…”

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PM10 in a background urban site: Chemical characteristics and biological effects

Schilirò¹,

Bonetta²,

Alessandria³

et al. 2015

Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology

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“…Las partículas PM10 (diámetro aerodinámico <10 μm) tienen la capacidad de penetrar y depositarse en la región traqueo bronquial del tracto respiratorio (Vinitketkumnuen et al, 2002). El PM2.5 es un indicador de las partículas finas (diámetro aerodinámico <2.5 μm), se depositan en la región alveolar del tracto respiratorio, corresponde a una fracción agresiva debido a que éstas son respirables (Traversi et al, 2009), tienen mayor efecto en la Revista Colombiana de Tecnologías de Avanzada salud, ya que pueden ingresar al sistema respiratorio depositándose en los alveolos pulmonares y llegar al torrente sanguíneo produciendo efectos negativos en la salud respiratoria en personas susceptibles (Dominici et al, 2006). En particular, las partículas finas (PM2.5) causan un mayor impacto en la salud (Gamble, 1998;Oberdorster, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Toxicidad Del Aire De La Ciudad De Villa Del Rosario en Muestras De Material Particulado-Fracción Respirable Pm 2.5

Parra¹,

Vargas²,

Vargas³

et al. 2017

RCTA

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En esta investigación se realizó el monitoreo de la fracción respirable PM 2.5 en una zona urbana de Villa del Rosario-Norte de Santander influenciada por el tráfico vehicular de fuentes móviles a gasolina y diésel. El objeto del presente trabajo es establecer la relación de la exposición al PM2.5, de los metales y los HAP encontrados en el aire de Villa del Rosario- Norte de Santander-Colombia y los posibles efectos sobre la salud humana.

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“…Particles having a diameter below 50 mm are defined as PM and can be size fractionated. Emission of PM through combustion for energy production, therefore, is a key issue for today's societies, and the chemical and physical properties of PM as well as its potential health impacts must be studied (Pope et al 2002;Sioutas et al 2005;Davidson et al 2005;Traversi et al 2009; Gier e and Querol 2010). Favez et al (2009) demonstrated that in Paris, during winter, 20 §10% of the ambient PM 2.5 mass can be attributed to biomass burning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescence Microscopy Analysis of Particulate Matter from Biomass Burning: Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons as Main Contributors

Garra¹,

Maschowski

Liaud³

et al. 2015

Aerosol Science and Technology

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New efficient approaches to the characterization of fly ash and particulate matter (PM) have to be developed in order to better understand their impacts on environment and health. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) contained in PM from biomass burning have been identified as genotoxic and cytotoxic, and some tools already exist to quantify their contribution to PM. Optical fluorescence microscopy is proposed as a rapid and relatively economical method to allow the quantification of PAH in different particles emitted from biomass combustion. In this study samples were collected in the flue gas of biomasscombustion facilities with nominal output ranging from 40 kW to 17.3 MW. The fly ash samples were collected with various flue gas treatment devices (multicyclone, baghouse filter, electrostatic precipitator); PM samples were fractionated from the flue gas with a DEKATI Ò DGI impactor. A method using fluorescence observations (at 470 nm), white-light observations and image processing has been developed with the aim of quantifying fluorescence per sample. Organic components of PM and fly ash, such as PAH, humic-like substances (HULIS) and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) were also quantified. Fluorescence microscopy analysis method assessment was first realized with fly ash that was artificially coated with PAH and HULIS. Total amounts of PAH in the three size fractions of actual PM from biomass burning strongly correlated with the intensities of fluorescence. These encouraging results contribute to the development of a faster and cheaper method of quantifying particle-bound PAH.

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Mutagenic properties of PM2.5 urban pollution in the Northern Italy: The nitro-compounds contribution

Cited by 61 publications

References 43 publications

PM10 in a background urban site: Chemical characteristics and biological effects

PM10 in a background urban site: Chemical characteristics and biological effects

Toxicidad Del Aire De La Ciudad De Villa Del Rosario en Muestras De Material Particulado-Fracción Respirable Pm 2.5

Fluorescence Microscopy Analysis of Particulate Matter from Biomass Burning: Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons as Main Contributors

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