Mutagenicity and anti-mutagenicity of Acanthopanax divaricatus var. albeofructus

Abstract

-The beneficial effects of Acanthopanax divaricatus var. albeofructus (ADA) extracts have been assessed by mutagenic and anti-mutagenic activities by Ames test. Mutation of Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 98, TA 100, TA1535, TA1537, and Escherichia coli WP2 uvr A was assayed in duplicates by the procedure of Maron and Ames in the presence or absence of S9 mix. As a result, ADA extracts were not mutagenic for S. typhimurium strains TA 98, TA 100, TA1535, TA1537, and E. coli by the Ames assay. Anti-mutagenic activity was assayed by the Ames mutagenicity assay using histidine mutant of S. typhimurium strains TA 98 and TA 100, using the plate-incorporation method. 2-Aminoanthrancene (2-AA), 2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl) acrylamide (AF-2), and sodium azide (NaN 3 ) were used as the mutagens. ADA extracts showed a strong anti-mutagenic activity against 2-AA-induced mutagenesis which requires liver-metabolizing enzymes, and the same extract exhibited inhibitory effects on AF-2 and NaN 3 -induced mutagenesis in the absence of liver-metabolizing enzymes. The data indicate that ADA extracts contain anti-mutagenic activities against typical mutagens. The anti-mutagenic property of ADA provides additional health supplemental value to the other claimed therapeutic properties of the plant.

Antimutagenic and antioxidant activity of novel 4-substituted phenyl-2,2'-bichalcophenes and aza-analogs

“…All antimutagenesis determinations were performed in triplicate. Revertant colonies were counted after 48 hours of incubation and the antimutagenic potential of the tested compounds was expressed as a percentage of reduction in mutagenicity,14 and calculated according to the following equation: $\%\text{reduction}\hspace{0.17em}\text{in}\hspace{0.17em}\text{mutagenicity}=([\text{Rm}-\text{Rs}]-[\text{Ra}-\text{Rs}]/[\text{Rm}-\text{Rs}])\times 100$where Rm is the number of revertants/plate in the presence of mutagen; Rs is the number of spontaneous revertants/plate; and Ra is the number of revertants/plate in the presence of bichalcophenes.…”

TheConyza trilobaExtracts with High Chlorophyll Content and Free Radical Scavenging Activity Had Anticancer Activity in Cell Lines

“…All antimutagenesis determinations were performed in triplicates. Revertant colonies were counted after 36–48 hours of incubation, and the antimutagenic potential of the tested extracts was expressed as a percentage of reduction in mutagenicity [22] and calculated according to the following equation: $\begin{array}{c}\%\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}\hspace{0.17em}}\text{reduction in mutagenicity}=\left(\left[R_m-R_s\right]-\frac{\left[R_a-R_s\right]}{\left[R_m-R_s\right]}\right)\\ \times \mathrm{100},\end{array}$ where R m is the number of revertants/plate in the presence of mutagen, R s is the number of spontaneous revertants/plate, and R a is the number revertants/plate in the presence of plant extract.…”

Evaluation of the biological activity of novel monocationic fluoroaryl-2,2’-bichalcophenes and their analogues

“…All antimutagenesis determinations were performed in triplicate. The number of revertant colonies was counted after 48 hours of incubation, and the antimutagenic potential of the tested compounds was expressed as a percentage of reduction in mutagenicity,16 and calculated according to the following equation:…”