Mutation Frequency of Plasmid DNA and Escherichia coli Following Long-term Space Flight on Mir

Takahashi, Akio; Ohnishi, Ken; Yokota, Akitoshi; Kumagai, Tsukasa; Nakano, Tamotsu; Ohnishi, Takeo

doi:10.1269/jrr.43.s137

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…S2 in the supplemental material), suggesting that life aboard the space station was not accompanied by an accumulation of mutations presumably from enhanced exposure to irradiation and microgravity; however, since the proper terrestrial control strains do not exist for ISSFT-021 and IF1SW-F4, we cannot determine/quantify mutations that may have accumulated during time aboard the ISS. Interestingly, previous data suggest that DNA damage resulting from time aboard the ISS may favor chromosomal aberrations and large deletions over point mutations (28–30), a conclusion that may have been fueled by studies that reported finding no detectable mutations from time in space, although these experiments utilized experimental setups that would favor detection of point mutations over large genetic lesions, or the studies were possibly too short in duration for mutations to accumulate (44). Sequence analysis with ISS A. fumigatus strains suggested that there is no enrichment for any type of mutation we could identify through our resequencing-based mapping approach, namely, indels, in comparison with Af293 (see Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Aspergillus fumigatus Isolates from Air and Surfaces of the International Space Station

Knox

Blachowicz

Palmer

et al. 2016

mSphere

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As durations of manned space missions increase, it is imperative to understand the long-term consequence of microbial exposure on human health in a closed human habitat. To date, studies aimed at bacterial and fungal contamination of space vessels have highlighted species compositions biased toward hardy, persistent organisms capable of withstanding harsh conditions. In the current study, we assessed traits of two independent Aspergillus fumigatus strains isolated from the International Space Station. Ubiquitously found in terrestrial soil and atmospheric environments, A. fumigatus is a significant opportunistic fungal threat to human health, particularly among the immunocompromised. Using two well-known clinical isolates of A. fumigatus as comparators, we found that both ISS isolates exhibited normal in vitro growth and chemical stress tolerance yet caused higher lethality in a vertebrate model of invasive disease. These findings substantiate the need for additional studies of physical traits and biological activities of microbes adapted to microgravity and other extreme extraterrestrial conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Aspergillus fumigatus Isolates from Air and Surfaces of the International Space Station

Knox

Blachowicz

Palmer

et al. 2016

mSphere

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“…of astronauts during long-term space flights, risk assessment and management, and cancer treatment strategies (Delone et al, 1991;Wang and Cai, 2000;Upton, 2001;Takahashi et al, 2002;Bonner, 2003;Mortazavi et al, 2003aMortazavi et al, , 2003bLiu, 2003;Schaffer et al, 2004;Preston, 2005). In preliminary cytogenetic studies, after in vitro irradiation with a test dose of gamma rays, a strong cytogenetic AR was induced in the lymphocytes of residents of the very high background radiation areas of Ramsar (Ghiassi-nejad et al, 2002).…”

Section: Relevance Of the Adaptive Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive response: some underlying mechanisms and open questions

2008

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Organisms are affected by different DNA damaging agents naturally present in the environment or released as a result of human activity. Many defense mechanisms have evolved in organisms to minimize genotoxic damage. One of them is induced radioresistance or adaptive response. The adaptive response could be considered as a nonspecific phenomenon in which exposure to minimal stress could result in increased resistance to higher levels of the same or to other types of stress some hours later. A better understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying the adaptive response may lead to an improvement of cancer treatment, risk assessment and risk management strategies, radiation protection, e.g. of astronauts during long-term space flights. In this mini-review we discuss some open questions and the probable underlying mechanisms involved in adaptive response: the transcription of many genes and the activation of numerous signaling pathways that trigger cell defenses -DNA repair systems, induction of proteins synthesis, enhanced detoxification of free radicals and antioxidant production.

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“…For some microorganisms, growth and viability were measured during space missions. A 14-days exposure of Escherichia coli on the Space Shuttle or 140-d exposure on Mir did not result in any differences in viability and mutations frequencies in comparison to ground controls [154,155]-the same was the case in Saccharomyces cerevisiae [156]. Using repair-deficient E. coli mutants, DNA polymerase, and 3′→5′ exonuclease were identified as the most important enzymes for GCR-induced DNA damage in E. coli [157].…”

Section: Cellular Survival Cell Death and Proliferationmentioning

confidence: 71%

Space Radiobiology

Hellweg,

Arena,

Baatout

et al. 2023

Radiobiology Textbook

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The study of the biologic effects of space radiation is considered a “hot topic,” with increased interest in the past years. In this chapter, the unique characteristics of the space radiation environment will be covered, from their history, characterization, and biological effects to the research that has been and is being conducted in the field.After a short introduction, you will learn the origin and characterization of the different types of space radiation and the use of mathematical models for the prediction of the radiation doses during different mission scenarios and estimate the biological risks due to this exposure. Following this, the acute, chronic, and late effects of radiation exposure in the human body are discussed before going into the detailed biomolecular changes affecting cells and tissues, and in which ways they differ from other types of radiation exposure.The next sections of this chapter are dedicated to the vast research that has been developed through the years concerning space radiation biology, from small animals to plant models and 3D cell cultures, the use of extremophiles in the study of radiation resistance mechanisms to the importance of ground-based irradiation facilities to simulate and study the space environment.

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Mutation Frequency of Plasmid DNA and Escherichia coli Following Long-term Space Flight on Mir

Cited by 10 publications

References 18 publications

Characterization of Aspergillus fumigatus Isolates from Air and Surfaces of the International Space Station

Characterization of Aspergillus fumigatus Isolates from Air and Surfaces of the International Space Station

Adaptive response: some underlying mechanisms and open questions

Space Radiobiology

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