Mutational Upregulation of a Resistance-Nodulation-Cell Division-Type Multidrug Efflux Pump, SdeAB, upon Exposure to a Biocide, Cetylpyridinium Chloride, and Antibiotic Resistance in
            <i>Serratia marcescens</i>

Maseda, Hideaki; Hashida, Yumiko; Konaka, Rumi; Shirai, Atsushi; Kourai, Hiroki

doi:10.1128/aac.00631-09

Cited by 65 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…Other studies have demonstrated that a consortium of biofilm organisms is capable of surviving antibacterial agents at higher 11 inoculum levels [4,15,33]. However, S. marcescens is prone to develop multidrug resistance, via spontaneous mutations in the efflux pump genes, under high concentrations of biocide usage [27,28]. Our results failed to confirm biocide resistance in S. marcescens under laboratory conditions suggesting the extracellular polymeric matrix environment of the biofilm provided protection from Alpron™ within the DUWL.…”

Section: Vermiformis Dominates the Duwl Environment [7] And Their contrasting

confidence: 75%

“…Since the molecular identity of the bacterium from DUWL 9 was identified as S. marcescens, which is a typical nosocomial bacterium, considered to be a clinical isolate its likely survival in the clinical DUWL may have been related to the development of biocide resistance [27,28]. Since the dental biocide used to treat the DUWL from which the water sample was taken was Alpron™, and its efficacy was tested in the laboratory on the isolated strain of S. marcescens.…”

Section: Vermiformis Dominates the Duwl Environment [7] And Their mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…marcescens is known to be a nosocomial pathogen which can acquire antimicrobial resistance [27]. This bacterium can cause a variety of infections in the susceptible host including septicaemia, meningitis, endocarditis and blindness [17,20,52].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk Assessment for the Spread of Serratia marcescens Within Dental-Unit Waterline Systems Using Vermamoeba vermiformis

et al. 2015

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(2015) Risk assessment for the spread of Serratia marcescens within dental unit waterline systems using Vermamoeba vermiformis. Current Microbiology, 71 (4). pp. 434 442.It is advisable to refer to the publisher's version if you intend to cite from the work.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00284-015-0872-0For more information about UCLan's research in this area go to http://www.uclan.ac.uk/researchgroups/ and search for . Conflict of interest disclosure statementAll named authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.2 Title: Risk assessment for the spread of Serratia marcescens within dental-unit waterline systems using Vermamoeba vermiformis Abstract:Vermamoeba vermiformis is associated with the biofilm ecology of dental-unit waterlines (DUWLs). This study investigated whether V. vermiformis is able to act as a vector for potentially pathogenic bacteria and so aid their dispersal within DUWL systems. Clinical dental water was initially examined for Legionella species by inoculating it onto Legionella selective-medium plates. The molecular identity/profile of the glassy colonies obtained indicated none of these isolates were Legionella species. During this work bacterial colonies were identified as a non-pigmented Serratia marcescens. As the water was from a clinical DUWL which had been treated with Alpron™ this prompted the question as to whether S. marcescens had developed resistance to the biocide. Exposure to Alpron™ indicated that this dental biocide was effective, under laboratory conditions, against S. marcescens at up to 1x10 8 colony forming units/millilitre (cfu/ml). V. vermiformis was cultured for eight weeks on cells of S. marcescens and Escherichia coli. Subsequent electron microscopy showed that V.vermiformis grew equally well on S. marcescens and E. coli (p = 0.0001). Failure to detect the presence of S.marcescens within the encysted amoebae suggests that V. vermiformis is unlikely to act as a vector supporting the growth of this newly isolated, nosocomial bacterium.

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Section: Vermiformis Dominates the Duwl Environment [7] And Their contrasting

confidence: 75%

Section: Vermiformis Dominates the Duwl Environment [7] And Their mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk Assessment for the Spread of Serratia marcescens Within Dental-Unit Waterline Systems Using Vermamoeba vermiformis

et al. 2015

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“…SdeAB's function is dependent on the TolC-like OM protein HasF, and sdeB inactivation increases the susceptibility to fluoroquinolones and other drugs listed above (321). Exposure to a biocide (cetylpyridinium chloride) led to a mutational upregulation of SdeAB and thus antibiotic resistance (322). SdeAB expression is controlled by a BadM-type repressor, SdeS (323), and a putative MarA-like regulator, SdeR (321).…”

Section: Serratia Marcescensmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Challenge of Efflux-Mediated Antibiotic Resistance in Gram-Negative Bacteria

2015

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SUMMARY The global emergence of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria is a growing threat to antibiotic therapy. The chromosomally encoded drug efflux mechanisms that are ubiquitous in these bacteria greatly contribute to antibiotic resistance and present a major challenge for antibiotic development. Multidrug pumps, particularly those represented by the clinically relevant AcrAB-TolC and Mex pumps of the resistance-nodulation-division (RND) superfamily, not only mediate intrinsic and acquired multidrug resistance (MDR) but also are involved in other functions, including the bacterial stress response and pathogenicity. Additionally, efflux pumps interact synergistically with other resistance mechanisms (e.g., with the outer membrane permeability barrier) to increase resistance levels. Since the discovery of RND pumps in the early 1990s, remarkable scientific and technological advances have allowed for an in-depth understanding of the structural and biochemical basis, substrate profiles, molecular regulation, and inhibition of MDR pumps. However, the development of clinically useful efflux pump inhibitors and/or new antibiotics that can bypass pump effects continues to be a challenge. Plasmid-borne efflux pump genes (including those for RND pumps) have increasingly been identified. This article highlights the recent progress obtained for organisms of clinical significance, together with methodological considerations for the characterization of MDR pumps.

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“…A more recent study has demonstrated that exposure of a wild-type strain of Serratia marcesens to CPC resulted in the formation of a QAC-resistant mutant exhibiting 2-to 16-fold more resistance to biocides and antibiotics, including CPC, benzalkonium chloride, chlorhexidine gluconate, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines and chloramphenicol than did wild-type strains (Maseda et al, 2009). …”

Section: Development Of Resistance To Biocides and Therapeutic Antimimentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the evaluation of the safety and efficacy of Cecure® for the removal of microbial surface contamination of raw poultry products

2012

EFS2

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On request from the European Commission, results of studies submitted with an application for potential approval of Cecure® to be used for the removal of microbial surface contamination of raw poultry products were assessed to evaluate its safety and efficacy. The proposed treatment consisted of an aqueous solution containing cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) as the active ingredient at a concentration not to exceed 1% and propylene glycol (PG), applied by drenching on whole chicken carcasses and recycled after use. Based on the available evidence, there is no concern for genotoxicity of CPC. Taking into account the estimated margins of safety and the conservative exposure estimates used to assess CPC exposure from consumption of poultry carcasses, there are no safety concerns for humans from the proposed use of Cecure®. Based on the information provided by the applicant, both Cecure® and CPC were found to be efficacious in reducing contamination with pathogenic microorganisms on fresh broiler carcasses. The efficacy of the treatment appeared to be influenced more by the concentration of the active ingredient (within the range of 0.2% to 0.5%), than by the volume of solution applied, flow rate, spraying pressure, rate of carcass processing, and time of exposure. The data about the potential emergence and selection of isolates with reduced susceptibility to biocides and/or resistance to therapeutic antimicrobials linked to the use of CPC under the conditions of application, in the recycled solution and in the wastewater, were not provided or not considered sufficient for the assessment. Based on the available limited data, the intended use of CPC in poultry slaughterhouses would pose risks for the environmental compartments surface water, sediment and soil. No risks for the function of sewage treatment plants are expected and there are no safety concerns regarding secondary poisoning for birds and mammals, and for humans indirectly exposed via the environment. More specifically, the approval was sought for treatments using an aqueous solution of Cecure® consisting of cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) as the active ingredient and food-grade propylene glycol (PG). Cecure® should be applied by drenching at a concentration of less than 1.0% CPC, at room temperature, and the solution should be recycled for reuse.The Commission asked EFSA to issue a Scientific Opinion on the assessment of the safety and efficacy of Cecure® when used to reduce microbial surface contamination on raw poultry products (defined as skin-on whole chicken carcasses or parts). Specifically, the task was to consider the toxicological safety of the substance, its antimicrobial efficacy, the potential emergence of reduced microbial susceptibility to biocides and/or resistance to therapeutic antimicrobials linked to the use of the substance, and any risk related to the release of effluents containing the substance from the slaughterhouse and/or processing plant into the environment. The assessment was based on the guidance document on the submiss...

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Mutational Upregulation of a Resistance-Nodulation-Cell Division-Type Multidrug Efflux Pump, SdeAB, upon Exposure to a Biocide, Cetylpyridinium Chloride, and Antibiotic Resistance in Serratia marcescens

Cited by 65 publications

References 24 publications

Risk Assessment for the Spread of Serratia marcescens Within Dental-Unit Waterline Systems Using Vermamoeba vermiformis

Risk Assessment for the Spread of Serratia marcescens Within Dental-Unit Waterline Systems Using Vermamoeba vermiformis

The Challenge of Efflux-Mediated Antibiotic Resistance in Gram-Negative Bacteria

Scientific Opinion on the evaluation of the safety and efficacy of Cecure® for the removal of microbial surface contamination of raw poultry products

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