Mutationen durch chemische Einwirkung bei Säuger und Mensch

Vogel, F; Röhrborn, G.; Schleiermacher, E.; Tm, Schröder

doi:10.1055/s-0028-1106126

Cited by 10 publications

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“…Zur Untersuchung mutagener Wirkung von Pharmaka wurden von Barthelmess (1963) und von Vogel et al (1967) verschiedene Testsysteme vorgeschlagen.…”

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Strukturelle Chromosomenaberrationen in den Lymphozyten gesunder Probanden unter dem Einfluss verschiedener Kulturbedingungen

Meist¹

1971

Acta genet. med. gemellol.

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SummaryThe frequency of structural chromosomal aberrations has been examined in peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures from 18 normal individuals. A mean rate of aberrations was observed of 7.38%, and a mean breakage/metaphase index of 0.036. Individual values ranged, for the aberration index, from 4% to 15%; and, for the breakage/metaphase index, from 0.00 to 0.08. Only gaps and breakage were observed. The translocation cross and chromatid-ring observed derive from a series of experiments on homologous plasma cultures. As for the influence of different cultural environments, it has been observed that the rate of spontaneous aberrations behaved independently from the age of the blood sample, from the addition of penicillin in the culture, and from the concentration of phytohemoagglutinin. Using veal's fetal serum, the rate of aberrations failed to show any variation, even with a time of culture prolonged up to 96 hours; while, using homologous plasma, the time of culture having been prolonged, structural aberrations have shown a considerable increase. The study of the mitotic index in the different cultural conditions has indicated the possibility of favoring the growth of leucocyte cultures.

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“…Zur Untersuchung mutagener Wirkung von Pharmaka wurden von Barthelmess (1963) und von Vogel et al (1967) verschiedene Testsysteme vorgeschlagen.…”

unclassified

Strukturelle Chromosomenaberrationen in den Lymphozyten gesunder Probanden unter dem Einfluss verschiedener Kulturbedingungen

Meist¹

1971

Acta genet. med. gemellol.

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“…Some of the problems in mutagenicity tests of this type have been reviewed by Rohrborn.34 Much of the early work involved a variety of alkylating agents, especially the alkanesulphonic esters, but such other compounds as aflatoxin, trimethylphosphate, and benzo(a)-pyrene have also been found to be mutagenic in mice (reviews in refs. [35][36][37][38][39][40]. These are potent mutagens in lower organisms.…”

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Evaluation of the Effects of Chemical Mutagens on Man: The Long Road Ahead

Neel

1970

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Abstract. By analogy with the problem of evaluating the genetic risks of radiation, it appears that it will be extremely difficult to assess the mutagenicity for man of the wide range of chemicals to which human populations are currently exposed. Nevertheless, the potential significance of this problem calls for a major effort at such an evaluation.One of the recurring themes in any consideration of environmental pollution, whether by chemicals or radiation, has been the question of the genetic dangers involved. Although by invitation I am to speak on the problem of chemical mutagenesis in man, in fact most of these remarks will, for three reasons, be concerned with radiation mutagenesis. Firstly, the two subjects are conceptually almost inextricably interrelated. Secondly, the very same problems that have arisen in trying to understand the genetic threat of increased radiation exposures will arise with respect to trace chemicals-not to mention a few new ones. There is much to be said for viewing the potential threat of chemical mutagenesis from the perspective of 40 years of radiation genetics. Thirdly, such is our ignorance of chemical mutagenesis in man or any other mammal that it is difficult to find hard data to sustain even as brief a presentation as this.The thesis of this presentation will be that while there seems no immediate danger of massive genetic damage from the trace chemicals, i.e., no genetic catastrophe, it does seem quite possible that current exposures to trace chemicals have increased human mutation rates. Since mutations are thought to have deleterious effects rather more often than beneficial effects, this increase is to the detriment of man. Unfortunately, it seems impossible to maintain the levels of energy production and food consumption on which our culture is based without some increased exposure to mutagenic agents. Accordingly, unless we are prepared to forego many aspects of our present culture and at the same time drastically reduce population numbers, we shall probably have to live in the foreseeable future with some increase in mutation rates. We are thus confronted with the problem of striking the best balance possible between genetic damage and the benefits our culture has thus far shown no signs of abandoning, and to do this intelligently we must collect the necessary information. It is not now at hand.The quantitation of genetic damage: It is impossible in the brief time available to begin to do justice to the vast literature on experimental mutagenesis.

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The genetic load of a human population due to cytostatic agents

Vogel

1969

Hum Genet

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Mutationen durch chemische Einwirkung bei Säuger und Mensch

Cited by 10 publications

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Strukturelle Chromosomenaberrationen in den Lymphozyten gesunder Probanden unter dem Einfluss verschiedener Kulturbedingungen

Strukturelle Chromosomenaberrationen in den Lymphozyten gesunder Probanden unter dem Einfluss verschiedener Kulturbedingungen

Evaluation of the Effects of Chemical Mutagens on Man: The Long Road Ahead

The genetic load of a human population due to cytostatic agents

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