Mutations affecting stability and deadenylation of the yeast MFA2 transcript.

Muhlrad, Denise; Parker, Roy

doi:10.1101/gad.6.11.2100

Cited by 210 publications

(208 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Our results defining the MIE are consistent with the general view that specific sequences within mRNAs control their halflives (9). However, several of our results reported here and elsewhere (16,25) suggest that the observed decay rates of different mRNAs may depend on the combined effects of multiple elements within each mRNA. For example, although the MIE can increase the rate of decay of the PGKI transcript by fivefold, this chimeric transcript is still approximately two-to threefold more stable than the parental MATod mRNA.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

A small segment of the MAT alpha 1 transcript promotes mRNA decay in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: a stimulatory role for rare codons.

1993

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Differences in decay rates of eukaryotic transcripts can be determined by discrete sequence elements within mRNAs. Through the analysis of chimeric transcripts and internal deletions, we have identified a 65-nucleotide segment of the AL4Tal mRNA coding region, termed the AL4TaJ instability element, that is sufficient to confer instability to a stable PGKI reporter transcript and that accelerates turnover of the unstable AL4TaI mRNA.This 65-nucleotide element is composed of two parts, one located within the 5' 33 nucleotides and the second located in the 3' 32 nucleotides. The first part, which can be functionally replaced by sequences containing rare codons, is unable to promote rapid decay by itself but can enhance the action of the 3' 32 nucleotides (positions 234 to 266 in the AL4Tal mRNA) in accelerating turnover. A second portion of the MA4Ta) mRNA (nucleotides 265 to 290) is also sufficient to destabilize the PGKI reporter transcript when positioned 3' of rare codons, suggesting that the 3' half of the MATal instability element is functionally reiterated within the MA4TcJ mRNA. The observation that rare codons are part of the 65-nucleotide MAToJ instability element suggests possible mechanisms through which translation and mRNA decay may be linked.The regulation of eukaryotic gene expression can be significantly affected by differences in mRNA decay rates. Critical to the understanding of mRNA turnover is a detailed knowledge of the mRNA features that specify differences in decay rates. Recent experiments, examining the decay rates of chimeric and/or mutant transcripts, suggest that at least in some cases, there are discrete sequence elements that affect mRNA turnover rates (for reviews, see references 19 and 28). These instability elements have been described in the protein coding and/or 3' untranslated regions of a small number of mRNAs.Determinants of mRNA stability have been identified in the protein coding regions of mammalian (14,32,41) and yeast (16,17,27,36) transcripts. These observations suggest that the coding region will be a common location for sequences that affect mRNA half-lives (t1j2s). However, the critical features of such coding-region stability determinants, and how these elements function in the presence of translocating ribosomes, are largely unknown. Recent results suggest that recognition of information in the coding region specifying mRNA decay rates may occur by two distinctly different mechanisms. In the case of the mammalian 3-tubulin mRNA, recognition occurs at the level of the nascent peptide, demonstrating how translation and decay can be linked (44). Alternatively, coding-region determinants in c-fos and c-myc mRNAs may be recognized by proteins that bind directly to the RNA (6, 10), although the relationship between protein binding, mRNA decay, and translocating ribosomes is unclear.The genetic approaches possible in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae make this organism a useful system for the analysis of eukaryotic mRNA decay. Previously, we reported that a 363-nucleotide...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

A small segment of the MAT alpha 1 transcript promotes mRNA decay in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: a stimulatory role for rare codons.

1993

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“…The mRNAs for two other abundant classes of tobacco stylar transmittingtissue mRNAs, the ~-1,3 glucanase (Ori et al, 1990) and MG15 (encoding an extensin-like protein) mRNAs (Goldman et aL, 1992) also had shortened poly(A) tails after pollination (Figure 3). However, unlike the pollinationinduced increase in the amounts ofTTS mRNAs (Figure 2g) (Wang et aL, 1993), the levels of the ~-1,3 glucanase and MG15 mRNAs declined in pollinated styles (Figure 3a), similar to the induced instability reported for other poly(A) tail-shortened mRNAs (Muhlrad and Parker, 1992;Shyu et aL, 1991).…”

Section: (A)supporting

confidence: 66%

Pollination induces mRNA poly(A) tail‐shortening and cell deterioration in flower transmitting tissue

Wang

Cheung³

1996

The Plant Journal

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SummaryPollination induces many physiological responses in the flower, including deterioration and death in specific pistil cell types. It is shown here that within the style of tobacco, pollination-induced cell deterioration was restricted to the transmitting tissue while the surrounding cortical tissue was not affected. It was distinct from general senescence since exogenously applying the senescence-inducing hormone ethylene, or its precursor aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), to the flower or the pistil induced overall deterioration in the entire flower. Furthermore, both pollen tube growth and ethylene action were needed for the entire spectrum of cellular changes associated with this pollination-induced transmitting tissue deterioration process. It is also shown that pollination-induced mRNA poly(A) tail-shortening for at least three major classes of transmitting tissue-specific mRNAs. As is commonly observed for poly(A) tail-shortened mRNAs, the levels of two of these three mRNA classes decline after pollination. On the other hand, the third class of mRNAs, transmitting tissue-specific ('r'rs) mRNAs, was maintained at a very high level subsequent to pollination, even after substantial poly(A)-tail shortening. TTS mRNAs encode a pollen tube growth-promoting and -attracting protein needed for optimal in vivo pollen tube growth. The specific preservation of TTS mRNAs in the deteriorating transmitting tissue cells suggests that these cells can distinguish molecules needed in the pollinated styles from those that are dispensable, and protect them from degradation. It is suggested that the pollination-induced mRNA poly(A) tail-shortening and cell death are programmed processes suited to the post-pollination transmitting tissue environment. Results showing that ACC is a candidate signal molecule for the pollination-induced mRNA-shortening which is accentuated by ethylene and mediated via a protein phosphorylation-dependent signal transduction pathway are also presented.

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“…RNA analysis: All RNA analyses were performed as described in Muhlrad and Parker (1992). For half-life measurements, cells were grown to mid-log phase containing 2% COX17 mRNA under GAL10 promoter on a 2m LEU2 vector (pG74/ST30) Olivas and Parker (2000) a Purchased from Open Biosystems.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stm1 Modulates mRNA Decay and Dhh1 Function in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Balagopal

Parker

2009

Genetics

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The control of mRNA degradation and translation are important for the regulation of gene expression. mRNA degradation is often initiated by deadenylation, which leads to decapping and 59-39 decay. In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisae, decapping is promoted by the Dhh1 and Pat1 proteins, which appear to both inhibit translation initiation and promote decapping. To understand the function of these factors, we identified the ribosome binding protein Stm1 as a multicopy suppressor of the temperature sensitivity of the pat1D strain. Stm1 loss-of-function alleles and overexpression strains show several genetic interactions with Pat1 and Dhh1 alleles in a manner consistent with Stm1 working upstream of Dhh1 to promote Dhh1 function. Consistent with Stm1 affecting Dhh1 function, stm1D strains are defective in the degradation of the EDC1 and COX17 mRNAs, whose decay is strongly affected by the loss of Dhh1. These results identify Stm1 as an additional component of the mRNA degradation machinery and suggest a possible connection of mRNA decapping to ribosome function.

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Mutations affecting stability and deadenylation of the yeast MFA2 transcript.

Cited by 210 publications

References 27 publications

A small segment of the MAT alpha 1 transcript promotes mRNA decay in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: a stimulatory role for rare codons.

A small segment of the MAT alpha 1 transcript promotes mRNA decay in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: a stimulatory role for rare codons.

Pollination induces mRNA poly(A) tail‐shortening and cell deterioration in flower transmitting tissue

Stm1 Modulates mRNA Decay and Dhh1 Function in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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