Mutations at the Serine Hydroxymethyltransferase Impact Its Interaction with a Soluble NSF Attachment Protein and a Pathogenesis-Related Protein in Soybean

Abstract

<jats:p>Resistance to soybean cyst nematodes (SCN) in “Peking-type” resistance is bigenic, requiring Rhg4-a and rhg1-a. Rhg4-a encodes a serine hydroxymethyltransferase (GmSHMT08) and rhg1-a encodes a soluble NSF attachment protein (GmSNAP18). Recently, it has been shown that a pathogenesis-related protein, GmPR08-Bet VI, potentiates the interaction between GmSHMT08 and GmSNAP18. Mutational analysis using spontaneously occurring and ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-induced mutations was carried out to increase our knowledge of the interacting GmSHMT08/GmSNAP18/GmPR08-Bet VI multi-protein complex. Mutations affecting the GmSHMT08 protein structure (dimerization and tetramerization) and interaction sites with GmSNAP18 and GmPR08-Bet VI proteins were found to impact the multi-protein complex. Interestingly, mutations affecting the PLP/THF substrate binding and catalysis did not affect the multi-protein complex, although they resulted in increased susceptibility to SCN. Most importantly, GmSHMT08 and GmSNAP18 from PI88788 were shown to interact within the cell, being potentiated in the presence of GmPR08-Bet VI. In addition, we have shown the presence of incompatibility between the GmSNAP18 (rhg1-b) of PI88788 and GmSHMT08 (Rhg4-a) from Peking. Components of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) pathway were shown to be induced in the SCN incompatible reaction and were mapped to QTLs for resistance to SCN using different mapping populations.</jats:p>

TILLING-by-Sequencing+ to Decipher Oil Biosynthesis Pathway in Soybeans: A New and Effective Platform for High-Throughput Gene Functional Analysis

“…The remarkable accomplishment of TbyS + is justified by confirming our published mutations in genes controlling the fatty acid composition and disease resistance traits [ 11 , 17 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 ]. Only three out of 12 fatty acid desaturase mutants were not detected using this method.…”

Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Involved in Host-Specific Resistance to Cyst Nematodes in Crops

“…Interestingly, two recent studies have revealed novel insights in the mechanisms underlying the crosstalk between Peking-type rhg1-a GmSNAP18 and Rhg4-a GmSHMT08. Peking-type GmSNAP18 physically interacts with the Rhg4-a GmSHMT08 tetramer and this interaction is strengthened by the pathogenesis-related protein GmPR08-Bet VI ( Lakhssassi et al, 2020a , b ). Mutational analysis shows that GmSHMT08 tetrameric structure is essential for GmSNAP18/GmSHMT08/GmPR08-Bet VI multi-protein complex formation ( Lakhssassi et al, 2020b ).…”

“…Peking-type GmSNAP18 physically interacts with the Rhg4-a GmSHMT08 tetramer and this interaction is strengthened by the pathogenesis-related protein GmPR08-Bet VI ( Lakhssassi et al, 2020a , b ). Mutational analysis shows that GmSHMT08 tetrameric structure is essential for GmSNAP18/GmSHMT08/GmPR08-Bet VI multi-protein complex formation ( Lakhssassi et al, 2020b ). GmPR08-Bet VI is suggested to contribute in SCN resistance as overexpression of the gene leads to an enhanced resistance to SCN while mutation of cytokinin-binding sites of the gene product abolishes its effect on SCN resistance ( Lakhssassi et al, 2020a ).…”

“…Consequently, necrosis and disruption of the syncytium occurs ( Figure 2 ). Interestingly, for PI 88788-type of resistance, GmSNAP18 also interacts with GmSHMT08 and GmPR08-Bet VI is able to strengthen this interaction in the cells as in Peking-type ( Lakhssassi et al, 2020b ). However, PI 88788-type GmSNAP18 shows the incompatibility with Peking-type GmSHMT08 and this may explain the current difficulty in applying soybean lines that combine PI 88788-type and Peking-type in breeding strategies.…”

Plant Immunity and Crop Yield: A Sustainable Approach in Agri-Food Systems

“…PR proteins can also be involved in crosstalk between proteins through the formation of multiprotein complexes, thus amplifying the host defense response. This is the case in GmPR8 interacting with serine hydroxymethyltransferase and soluble NSF (N-ethylmaleimide sensitive fusion) attachment protein in soybean plants resistant to cyst nematodes [6]. Accelerated molecular breeding programs for pest resistance should also be considered, such as the genome-wide association mapping approach, successfully applied in rice to develop new cultivars resistant to brown planthopper, one of the most important pests of this crop [7].…”