Mutual Dependence of Nitrogen and Phosphorus as Key Nutrient Elements: One Facilitates <i>Dolichospermum flos-aquae</i> to Overcome the Limitations of the Other

Wang, Siyang; Xiao, Jiangjian; Wan, Lingling; Zhou, Zijun; Wang, Zhicong; Song, Changchun; Zhou, Yiyong; Cao, Xiuyun

doi:10.1021/acs.est.7b04992

Cited by 71 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Previous studies have attempted to demonstrate the effect of N limitation on N fixation and heterocyst development in cyanobacteria via continuous culture by regulating the levels of combined N or nitrate alone. [ 8 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. Enhanced development of heterocyst and nitrogenase activity under low levels of combined N or nitrate alone indicated that N fixation by heterocystous cyanobacteria was critical when available N source was limited or absent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterocyst Development and Diazotrophic Growth of Anabaena variabilis under Different Nitrogen Availability

Zulkefli

Hwang

2020

Life

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Nitrogen is globally limiting primary production in the ocean, but some species of cyanobacteria can carry out nitrogen (N) fixation using specialized cells known as heterocysts. However, the effect of N sources and their availability on heterocyst development is not yet fully understood. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of various inorganic N sources on the heterocyst development and cellular growth in an N-fixing cyanobacterium, Anabaena variabilis. Growth rate, heterocyst development, and cellular N content of the cyanobacteria were examined under varying nitrate and ammonium concentrations. A. variabilis exhibited high growth rate both in the presence and absence of N sources regardless of their concentration. Ammonium was the primary source of N in A. variabilis. Even the highest concentrations of both nitrate (1.5 g L−1 as NaNO3) and ammonium (0.006 g L−1 as Fe-NH4-citrate) did not exhibit an inhibitory effect on heterocyst development. Heterocyst production positively correlated with the cell N quota and negatively correlated with vegetative cell growth, indicating that both of the processes were interdependent. Taken together, N deprivation triggers heterocyst production for N fixation. This study outlines the difference in heterocyst development and growth in A. variabilis under different N sources.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterocyst Development and Diazotrophic Growth of Anabaena variabilis under Different Nitrogen Availability

Zulkefli

Hwang

2020

Life

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“…Dolichospermum dominated usually under low N and high P conditions [33] and, in some cases, was enhanced by high P supply [8]. Dolichospermum could excrete alkaline phosphatase when experiencing P de ciency [34]. However, Dolichospermum had no advantage on competing the limited P with Microcystis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community composition and functional genes as well as ecological role of bacteria attached to different bloom-forming cyanobacteria

Song¹,

Liu²,

Cao³

et al. 2020

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Background Eutrophication leads to frequent outbreaks of cyanobacterial blooms, especially those of the genera Dolichospermum and Microcystis. The contribution of bacteria attached to algal cells to cyanobacterial blooms is still not clear and specific. To gain a deeper understanding of functional genes and their role in bacteria attached to different bloom-forming cyanobacteria, we carried out microbial experiments associated with Dolichospermum and Microcystis in four fish ponds. Results The significantly positive relationships between Dolichospermum density and total nitrogen (TN) and between Microcystis density and particle nitrogen (PN) indicated the strong nitrogen (N) demand of these two species. The lack of functional genes mediating the nitrification process in bacteria attached to both Microcystis and Dolichospermum indicated that these two species preferred ammonium (NH 4 + -N). Dolichospermum could overcome N limitation through N 2 fixation expressed by high nitrogenase genes abundance. Compared to bacteria attached to Dolichospermum cells, bacteria attached to Microcystis cells showed a higher activity of leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) and a significantly higher abundance of functional genes (such as nrfA , nirB and aminopeptidase genes) mediating the dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA). The significantly higher abundance of functional genes (carbon degradation) and β-glucosidase (GLU) activity of bacteria attached to Microcystis than those of bacteria attached to Dolichospermum suggested the abundant organic carbon bound Microcystis cells, which was prerequisite for DNRA. Also, Microcystis had a great advantage in solving phosphorus (P) stress, including high levels of organic phosphorus hydrolysis associated with high levels of phosphatase genes of attached bacteria. The difference of functional community compositions of bacteria attached to Microcystis and Dolichospermum resulted in the functional differentiation. Conclusions Dolichospermum and Microcystis growth was susceptible to P and N (especially NH 4 + -N) limitation, respectively, the latter of which could be effectively solved by attached bacteria through DNRA and ammonification. The P acquisition disadvantage of Dolichospermum resulted in its frequent replacement by Microcystis , especially in conditions of P deficiency. Hence, the evaluation of nutrient limitation (N or P) type of algal growth should combine the nutrient concentration and ratio as well as the ability to solve nutrient deficiency.

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“…The active and inactive cells with fluorescence were recorded in each image to quantify the percentages of cells with ELF labeling. were harvested in the exponential growth period by centrifugation (3000 rpm, 10 min), rinsed 3 times with P-free BG11 medium and then cultivated in P-free BG11 medium for 48 h to consume P stored in cells to a low level and equal basis [16]. After that, the culture was inoculated in BG11 [17] medium with modified P concentrations and the modifying sets were as follows:…”

Section: Field Sample Collection and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies adopted by Aphanizomenon flos-aquae in response to phosphorus deficiency and their role on growth

et al. 2020

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Background: The N 2 -fixing cyanobacterium, Aphanizomenon flos-aquae is a globally distributed bloom causing species that degrades water quality of fresh and marine water bodies. Overcoming phosphorus (P) deficiency is one of the ecological advantages for bloom-forming cyanobacteria. It remains unclear to what extent can A. flos-aquae alleviate P deficiency by regulating P using strategies.Results: Based on in situ observations of extracellular alkaline phosphatase (APase) in A. flos-aquae via enzymelabeled fluorescence in freshwater bodies in China, Poland and Czechia, we further investigated responses of isolated A. flos-aquae to different P supplies (dissolved inorganic P (Pi) as +DIP, dissolved organic α-glycerophosphate and β-glycerophosphate as +DOP α and +DOP β , P-free condition as P-depleted). The significantly negative relationships between percentage of APase producing cells and soluble reactive P concentration in both fields and cultures suggested that the excretion of APase in cyanobacterium was regulated by ambient Pi supply. Suffering from P deficiency in the P-depleted treatments, A. flos-aquae showed the highest APase activity but a vigorous growth at the early culture stage, which might also benefit from the formation of polyphosphate body (PPB) and the decrease of cell P quota. In the +DOP treatments, the coordination of dissolved DOP mineralization and continuous prompt utilization of PPB might contribute to a maintenance but not reproduction of A. flos-aquae when relying on DOP, since the specific growth rate kept around 0 cells L −1 day −1 at the second half culture period and the highest cell density reached only 13.38% of that in +DIP treatments while photochemical efficiency was comparable during the whole experiment. Luxury uptake of phosphate as PPB in the +DIP treatments was consistent to the canonical view of polyphosphate as P storage. Conclusion:Aphanizomenon flos-aquae could achieve an instantaneous growth in response to P deficiency with the coordination of P utilization strategies, while it maintained a long-term sustainable growth but not reproduction under sole DOP supply. Persistent and active reproduction could only be achieved in high Pi supply, which implying that an effective consequence can be expected for combating the bloom of A. flos-aquae when controlling P supply.

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Mutual Dependence of Nitrogen and Phosphorus as Key Nutrient Elements: One Facilitates Dolichospermum flos-aquae to Overcome the Limitations of the Other

Cited by 71 publications

References 50 publications

Heterocyst Development and Diazotrophic Growth of Anabaena variabilis under Different Nitrogen Availability

Heterocyst Development and Diazotrophic Growth of Anabaena variabilis under Different Nitrogen Availability

Community composition and functional genes as well as ecological role of bacteria attached to different bloom-forming cyanobacteria

Strategies adopted by Aphanizomenon flos-aquae in response to phosphorus deficiency and their role on growth

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