Mutual gaze, personality, and familiarity: Dual eye-tracking during conversation

Broz, Frank; Lehmann, Hagen; Nehaniv, Chrystopher L.; Dautenhahn, Kerstin

doi:10.1109/roman.2012.6343859

Cited by 86 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The study of Abrantes revealed that the higher degree of understanding or learning performance leads to a higher level of student’s interest39, which is supported by Tobias’s6 and Van’s7 studies. Furthermore, the study of Broz also supported that the characteristics of both does is not only influence the attentiveness of the interactants but it also directly affects on the mutual gaze convergence between the interactants40. These influence factors can cause prolongation of students’ interest and attention from Part 1 to Part 2, which help decelerating the declination of mutual gaze convergence, especially for the students with prior knowledge (prior knowledge condition) since the students in prior knowledge condition are all at Ready State, where they can proceed their learning and understanding throughout the lecture by creating knowledge linkage easier.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Prior Knowledge Facilitates Mutual Gaze Convergence and Head Nodding Synchrony in Face-to-face Communication

Thepsoonthorn

Yokozuka

Miura

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As prior knowledge is claimed to be an essential key to achieve effective education, we are interested in exploring whether prior knowledge enhances communication effectiveness. To demonstrate the effects of prior knowledge, mutual gaze convergence and head nodding synchrony are observed as indicators of communication effectiveness. We conducted an experiment on lecture task between lecturer and student under 2 conditions: prior knowledge and non-prior knowledge. The students in prior knowledge condition were provided the basic information about the lecture content and were assessed their understanding by the experimenter before starting the lecture while the students in non-prior knowledge had none. The result shows that the interaction in prior knowledge condition establishes significantly higher mutual gaze convergence (t(15.03) = 6.72, p < 0.0001; α = 0.05, n = 20) and head nodding synchrony (t(16.67) = 1.83, p = 0.04; α = 0.05, n = 19) compared to non-prior knowledge condition. This study reveals that prior knowledge facilitates mutual gaze convergence and head nodding synchrony. Furthermore, the interaction with and without prior knowledge can be evaluated by measuring or observing mutual gaze convergence and head nodding synchrony.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Prior Knowledge Facilitates Mutual Gaze Convergence and Head Nodding Synchrony in Face-to-face Communication

Thepsoonthorn

Yokozuka

Miura

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Head-mounted eye trackers show that gaze is task-driven, and that fixation locations are determined by the task at hand and learned over time [14]. Dual eye tracking has shown that the occurrence of mutual gaze, where two partners look at each other, depends on the dynamic interplay of behaviors and characteristics of both partners [15].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are you looking at me? Perception of robot attention is mediated by gaze type and group size

Admoni

Hayes

Feil-Seifer

et al. 2013

2013 8th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Studies in HRI have shown that people follow and understand robot gaze. However, only a few studies to date have examined the time-course of a meaningful robot gaze, and none have directly investigated what type of gaze is best for eliciting the perception of attention. This paper investigates two types of gaze behaviors-short, frequent glances and long, less frequent stares-to find which behavior is better at conveying a robot's visual attention. We describe the development of a programmable research platform from MyKeepon toys, and the use of these programmable robots to examine the effects of gaze type and group size on the perception of attention. In our experiment, participants viewed a group of MyKeepon robots executing random motions, occasionally fixating on various points in the room or directly on the participant. We varied type of gaze fixations within participants and group size between participants. Results show that people are more accurate at recognizing shorter, more frequent fixations than longer, less frequent ones, and that their performance improves as group size decreases. From these results, we conclude that multiple short gazes are preferable for indicating attention over one long gaze, and that the visual search for robot attention is susceptible to group size effects.

show abstract

“…Gaze has been shown as an important cue for face-to-face communication [3,6]. One of the major challenges in remote communication systems is to enable gaze awareness, because gaze cues can get easily lost in video conferences when users move freely in spaces.…”

Section: Eye Contact For Video Conferencementioning

confidence: 99%

Look together: using gaze for assisting co-located collaborative search

Zhang

Pfeuffer

Chong³

et al. 2016

Pers Ubiquit Comput

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gaze information provides indication of users focus which complements remote collaboration tasks, as distant users can see their partner's focus. In this paper, we apply gaze for co-located collaboration, where users' gaze locations are presented on the same display, to help collaboration between partners. We integrated various types of gaze indicators on the user interface of a collaborative search system, and we conducted two user studies to understand how gaze enhances coordination and communication between co-located users. Our results show that gaze indeed enhances co-located collaboration, but with a trade-off between visibility of gaze indicators and user distraction. Users acknowledged that seeing gaze indicators eases communication, because it let them be aware of their partner's interests and attention. However, users can be reluctant to share their gaze information due to trust and privacy, as gaze potentially divulges their interests.

show abstract

Mutual gaze, personality, and familiarity: Dual eye-tracking during conversation

Cited by 86 publications

References 25 publications

Prior Knowledge Facilitates Mutual Gaze Convergence and Head Nodding Synchrony in Face-to-face Communication

Prior Knowledge Facilitates Mutual Gaze Convergence and Head Nodding Synchrony in Face-to-face Communication

Are you looking at me? Perception of robot attention is mediated by gaze type and group size

Look together: using gaze for assisting co-located collaborative search

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About