Mutualistic Plant Associations Related to Insect Resistance

Tanda, A. S.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-92152-1_1

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 209 publications

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“…Plants and herbivorous insects have antagonistically co-evolved for over 400 million years, whereby plants acquire various morphological and chemical defenses to protect themselves from herbivores, and insects disarm plant defenses for food, survival, and reproduction [1][2][3][4][5]. Among plant chemical defenses are various toxic plant secondary metabolites (i.e., allelochemicals, such as tannins, cyanide, glycosides, alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins, flavonoids, furanocoumarins, indoles, and phytoecdysteroids), nonprotein or unusual amino acids (e.g., canavanine and 3-hydroxyproline), plant defense proteins/enzymes [e.g., lectins, proteinase inhibitors (PIs), peroxidases (POD), polyphenol oxidases (PPO)], and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) [1,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Direct use and/or augmentation of the natural defenses of crops, especially breeding and planting insect-resistant varieties that produce more anti-herbivore allelochemicals, are one of the major tactics for integrated pest management [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequential and Simultaneous Interactions of Plant Allelochemical Flavone, Bt Toxin Vip3A and Insecticide Emamectin Benzoate in <em>Spodoptera frugiperda</em>

Huang¹,

He²,

Wang³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Target pests of genetically engineered crops producing both defensive allelochemicals and Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins often sequentially or simultaneously uptake allelochemicals, Bt toxins, and/or insecticides. How the three types of toxins interact to kill pests remains underexplored. Here we investigated the interactions of Bt toxin Vip3A, plant allelochemical flavone, and insecticide emamectin benzoate in Spodoptera frugiperda. Simultaneous administration of flavone LC25 + Vip3A LC25, emamectin benzoate LC25 + Vip3A LC25, and flavone LC15 + emamectin benzoate LC15 + Vip3A LC15 but not flavone LC25 + emamectin LC25 yielded a mortality significantly higher than their expected additive mortality (EAM). One-day preexposure to one toxin at LC5 followed by 6-day exposure to the same toxin at LC5 plus another toxin at LC50 showed that the mortality of flavone LC5 + Vip3A LC50, emamectin benzoate LC5 + Vip3A LC50, and Vip3A LC5 + emamectin benzoate LC50, were significantly higher than their EAM, while that of flavone LC5 + emamectin benzoate LC50 was significantly lower than their EAM. No significant difference existed among the mortalities of Vip3A LC5 + flavone LC50, emamectin benzoate LC5 + flavone LC50, and their EAMs. The results suggest that the interactions of the three toxins are largely synergistic (inductive) or additive, depending on their combinations and doses.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequential and Simultaneous Interactions of Plant Allelochemical Flavone, Bt Toxin Vip3A and Insecticide Emamectin Benzoate in <em>Spodoptera frugiperda</em>

Huang¹,

He²,

Wang³

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Plants and herbivorous insects have antagonistically co-evolved for over 400 million years, whereby plants acquire various morphological and chemical defenses to protect themselves from herbivores, and insects disarm plant defenses for food, survival, and reproduction [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Among plant chemical defenses are various toxic plant secondary metabolites (i.e., allelochemicals, such as tannins, cyanide, glycosides, alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins, flavonoids, furanocoumarins, indoles, and phytoecdysteroids), nonprotein or unusual amino acids (e.g., canavanine and 3-hydroxyproline), plant defense proteins/enzymes [e.g., lectins, proteinase inhibitors (PIs), peroxidases (POD), polyphenol oxidases (PPO)], and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) [ 1 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Direct use and/or augmentation of the natural defenses of crops, especially breeding and planting insect-resistant varieties that produce more anti-herbivore allelochemicals, are one of the major tactics for integrated pest management [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequential and Simultaneous Interactions of Plant Allelochemical Flavone, Bt Toxin Vip3A, and Insecticide Emamectin Benzoate in Spodoptera frugiperda

Huang,

He,

Wang

et al. 2023

Insects

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Target pests of genetically engineered crops producing both defensive allelochemicals and Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins often sequentially or simultaneously uptake allelochemicals, Bt toxins, and/or insecticides. How the three types of toxins interact to kill pests remains underexplored. Here we investigated the interactions of Bt toxin Vip3A, plant allelochemical flavone, and insecticide emamectin benzoate in Spodoptera frugiperda. Simultaneous administration of flavone LC25 + Vip3A LC25, emamectin benzoate LC25 + Vip3A LC25, and flavone LC15 + emamectin benzoate LC15 + Vip3A LC15 but not flavone LC25 + emamectin LC25 yielded a mortality significantly higher than their expected additive mortality (EAM). One-day pre-exposure to one toxin at LC5 followed by six-day exposure to the same toxin at LC5 plus another toxin at LC50 showed that the mortality of flavone LC5 + Vip3A LC50, emamectin benzoate LC5 + Vip3A LC50, and Vip3A LC5 + emamectin benzoate LC50 were significantly higher than their EAM, while that of flavone LC5 + emamectin benzoate LC50 was significantly lower than their EAM. No significant difference existed among the mortalities of Vip3A LC5 + flavone LC50, emamectin benzoate LC5 + flavone LC50, and their EAMs. The results suggest that the interactions of the three toxins are largely synergistic (inductive) or additive, depending on their combinations and doses.

show abstract

Mutualistic Plant Associations Related to Insect Resistance

Cited by 2 publications

References 209 publications

Sequential and Simultaneous Interactions of Plant Allelochemical Flavone, Bt Toxin Vip3A and Insecticide Emamectin Benzoate in <em>Spodoptera frugiperda</em>

Sequential and Simultaneous Interactions of Plant Allelochemical Flavone, Bt Toxin Vip3A and Insecticide Emamectin Benzoate in <em>Spodoptera frugiperda</em>

Sequential and Simultaneous Interactions of Plant Allelochemical Flavone, Bt Toxin Vip3A, and Insecticide Emamectin Benzoate in Spodoptera frugiperda

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