MVA-BN as monkeypox vaccine for healthy and immunocompromised

Overton, Edgar Turner; Lawrence, Steven J.; Stapleton, Jack T.; Weidenthaler, Heinz; Schmidt, D; Nopora, Katrin; Meyer, Thomas; Maclennan, Jane; Koenen, Brigitte; Silbernagl, Günter; Volkmann, Ariane; Chaplin, Paul

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.1217

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…This vaccination provides cross-protection against monkeypox or a very mild form of the disease [Harris E 2022]. There is currently a 3rd generation smallpox vaccine MVA-BN (Modified Vaccinia Ankara from Bavarian Nordic (en) (IMVANEX in Europe, JYNNEOS in the United States or IMVAMUNE in Canada), effective against monkeypox [22]. Identifying the potential benefits and harms of preventive vaccination against monkeypox in endemic communities requires further data collection and feasibility analysis [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monkeypox in an Immunocompetent Vaccined Adult: A Case Report at the University Teaching Hospital of Bouake

Djakaridja¹,

Tatiana²,

Juliette³

et al. 2022

CRCM

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Introduction: With the eradication of smallpox in 1980, vaccination against smallpox ceased and there was an upsurge in cases of monkeypox. The objective of this observation is to describe the characteristics of monkeypox in the vaccinated subject. Case Report: A 45-year-old, heterosexual, rural resident was referred for a rash. The history of the disease revealed signs of acute course marked by headache, asthenia, diffuse myalgia, chest pain, fever and pruritic rash. His background is marked by vaccination against smallpox in 1977, cohabitation with game hunters and domestic animals as well as a notion of contact with a person who presented similar but more generalized signs. The physical examination revealed a conscious patient with good general state, feverish, tachycardic, eupneic presenting skin lesions in the type of striated vesicles more or less umbilical, on the scalp, face, neck, trunk and the upper limbs associated with cervical lymphadenopathy. RT-PCR was performed on a dry swab by rubbing several vesicles and a throat swab proved positive for Monkeypox Virus (MPXV). Management consisted of isolation and symptomatic treatment. The evolution has been favorable. Conclusion: The symptomatology of monkeypox is similar to that of smallpox. Without widely available treatment or prophylaxis, rapid identification of cases is essential. Vaccination of people at risk is an alternative to curb the epidemic. However, the main prevention strategy is to raise awareness of the risk factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monkeypox in an Immunocompetent Vaccined Adult: A Case Report at the University Teaching Hospital of Bouake

Djakaridja¹,

Tatiana²,

Juliette³

et al. 2022

CRCM

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“…Single-dose ACAM2000 and Aventis Pasteur Smallpox Vaccine (APSV) contain replication-competent live vaccinia virus and cannot be used in the immunocompromised. The most recently approved two-dose Modified Vaccinia Ankara virus Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN) vaccine (brand names JYNNEOS, IMVAMUNE, IMVANEX) contains a replication-deficient virus and is safe for the immunocompromised [ 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 ]. While it is still unknown if the replication-competent and non-replicating vaccines are equally effective in humans, MVA and MVA-BN vaccination was shown to offer full protection against severe MPX in non-human primates [ 82 , 83 ].…”

Section: Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most recently approved two-dose Modified Vaccinia Ankara virus Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN) vaccine (brand names JYNNEOS, IMVAMUNE, IMVANEX) contains a replication-deficient virus and is safe for the immunocompromised [ 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 ]. While it is still unknown if the replication-competent and non-replicating vaccines are equally effective in humans, MVA and MVA-BN vaccination was shown to offer full protection against severe MPX in non-human primates [ 82 , 83 ]. In addition, a highly attenuated smallpox vaccine LC16m8 with an improved safety profile has been developed and licensed in Japan [ 86 ].…”

Section: Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monkeypox: A New Threat?

Kmieć

Kirchhoff

2022

IJMS

160

124

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The global vaccination programme against smallpox led to its successful eradication and averted millions of deaths. Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is a close relative of the Variola (smallpox) virus. Due to antigenic similarity, smallpox vaccines cross-protect against MPXV. However, over 70% of people living today were never vaccinated against smallpox. Symptoms of monkeypox (MPX) include fever, head- and muscle ache, lymphadenopathy and a characteristic rash that develops into papules, vesicles and pustules which eventually scab over and heal. MPX is less often fatal (case fatality rates range from <1% to up to 11%) than smallpox (up to 30%). MPXV is endemic in sub-Saharan Africa, infecting wild animals and causing zoonotic outbreaks. Exotic animal trade and international travel, combined with the increasing susceptibility of the human population due to halted vaccination, facilitated the spread of MPXV to new areas. The ongoing outbreak, with >10,000 cases in >50 countries between May and July 2022, shows that MPXV can significantly spread between people and may thus become a serious threat to public health with global consequences. Here, we summarize the current knowledge about this re-emerging virus, discuss available strategies to limit its spread and pathogenicity and evaluate its risk to the human population.

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“…SPX vaccination was shown to offer full protection against severe MPX in animal studies [77,78]. Furthermore, a passive transfer of human vaccinia-neutralizing antibodies protects nonimmunized macaques from severe MPX disease [79].…”

Section: Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Single-dose ACAM2000 and Aventis Pasteur Smallpox Vaccine (APSV) contain replication-competent live vaccinia virus and cannot be used by immunocompromised individuals. Two-dose modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) (brand names JYNNEOS, IMVAMUNE, IMVANEX) contains replication-deficient vaccinia virus and is safe for the immunocompromised [78,84,85]. While the available data supports the notion that SPX vaccination may offer long-term protection from MPX, more studies are needed to establish how long the protection lasts in vulnerable populations such as the immunocompromised [81].…”

Section: Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monkeypox: A New Threat?

Kmieć¹,

Kirchhoff²

2022

Preprint

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The global vaccination programme against smallpox (SPX) led to its successful eradication and averted millions of deaths. Monkeypox (MPX) is a close relative of SPX. Due to their antigenic similarity, SPX vaccines cross-protect against MPX. However, over 70% of people living today were never vaccinated. Symptoms of MPX infection include fever, head and muscle ache, lymphadenopathy and a characteristic rash that develops into papules, vesicles and pustules which eventually scab over and heal. MPX is less often fatal (case fatality rates range from less than 1% to up to 11%) than SPX (up to 30%). MPX is endemic in sub-Saharan Africa, infecting wild animals and causing zoonotic outbreaks. Exotic animal trade and international travel combined with the increasing susceptibility of the human population due to halted vaccination facilitated the spread of MPX to new areas. The ongoing outbreak with over 6500 confirmed cases in &gt;50 countries between May and July 2022 shows that MPX can significantly spread between people, and may thus become a serious threat to public health with global consequences. Here, we summarize the current knowledge about this re-emerging virus, discuss available strategies to limit its spread and pathogenicity and evaluate its risk to the human population.

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MVA-BN as monkeypox vaccine for healthy and immunocompromised

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Monkeypox in an Immunocompetent Vaccined Adult: A Case Report at the University Teaching Hospital of Bouake

Monkeypox in an Immunocompetent Vaccined Adult: A Case Report at the University Teaching Hospital of Bouake

Monkeypox: A New Threat?

Monkeypox: A New Threat?

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