MXene‐Sponge Based High‐Performance Piezoresistive Sensor for Wearable Biomonitoring and Real‐Time Tactile Sensing

Abstract

Electrode microfabrication technologies such as lithography and deposition have been widely applied in wearable electronics to boost interfacial coupling efficiency and device performance. However, a majority of these approaches are restricted by expensive and complicated processing techniques, as well as waste discharge. Here, helium plasma irradiation is employed to yield a molybdenum microstructured electrode, which is constructed into a flexible piezoresistive pressure sensor based on a Ti3C2Tx nanosheet‐immersed polyurethane sponge. This electrode engineering strategy enables the smooth transition between sponge deformation and MXene interlamellar displacement, giving rise to high sensitivity (1.52 kPa−1) and good linearity (r2 = 0.9985) in a wide sensing range (0–100 kPa) with a response time of 226 ms for pressure detection. In addition, both the experimental characterization and finite element simulation confirm that the hierarchical structures modulated by pore size, plasma bias, and MXene concentration play a crucial role in improving the sensing performance. Furthermore, the as‐developed flexible pressure sensor is demonstrated to measure human radial pulse, detect finger tapping, foot stomping, and perform object identification, revealing great feasibility in wearable biomonitoring and health assessment.

Piezo/Triboelectric Effect Driven Self‐Powered Gas Sensor for Environmental Sensor Networks

“…So far, the self‐powered active gas sensor and self‐powered gas sensor have been introduced based on materials and driving mechanism. Because it does not require an energy storage device like a battery and can operate permanently with mechanical energy, a number of self‐powered gas sensor applications have been implemented using PENG and TENG such as wearable electrocnis, [ 69 ] biomonitoring, [ 70 ] environmental monitoring [ 71 ] and especially electronic skin and electronic nose, [37b,52] breath analyzer [13c,50,54,72] . In this section, we introduce applications of self‐powered gas sensors using PENG and TENG.…”

Nerve Stimulation by Triboelectric Nanogenerator Based on Nanofibrous Membrane for Spinal Cord Injury

“…In 2021, Su et al constructed a polydopamine-modified nonwoven piezoelectric (PMNP) textile based on composite fibers, which exhibited excellent sensitivity and long term stability (Su et al, 2021b). Wei et al propose a high-performance piezoresistive sensor based on MXene-Sponge for wearable biomonitoring and real-time tactile sensing (Wei et al, 2022).…”

Machine-Learning-Assisted Recognition on Bioinspired Soft Sensor Arrays

“…In the meantime, diversified tactile sensors have been embedded throughout interactive interfaces to obtain sensory information based on pressure sensing, including the magnetic effect, , capacitive effect, and electret, piezoresistive, , triboelectric, magnetoelastic effects. − Specifically, the progress of object recognition through glove-based interfaces and manipulators integrated with stretchable sensors has been reported. − Further advances may come from sensor arrays that are reliable and cover large areas with high spatiotemporal resolution. These features should generate large-scale data sets that facilitate the intelligent extraction of high-dimensional information from the environment, not only a sense of touch ,− or deformation. , On the contrary, increasing sensor density by scaling down a passive matrix architecture tends to involve cross-talk between interconnects .…”