MXenes as emerging nanomaterials in water purification and environmental remediation

Biochar for the removal of contaminants from soil and water: a review

“…Globally, efforts have been directed at addressing the increasing water scarcity, reducing pollution of water bodies, and water-related issues resulting in innovations in technologies related to water treatment (Tang et al 2021a;Tian et al 2021;Yu et al 2022). Preparation of suitable materials to achieve or maintain adequate elimination effect on a variety of water-based refractory chemicals is a feasible way to solve the above problems.…”

Wastewater depollution of textile dyes and antibiotics using unmodified and copper oxide/zinc oxide nanofunctionalised graphene oxide materials

“…20,24 Many natural and synthetic adsorbents such as clay, charcoal, zeolite, activated carbon, bio-polymers, hydrogels, metal-organic framework membranes and MXene nanomaterials have been introduced and used in wastewater remediation. 20,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31] Among them, carbon based adsorbents have been used as they are highly efficacious for the adsorption of organic chemicals from wastewater systems. 32 Highly efficient carbon adsorbents have evolved in recent years, with the emergence of advanced carbon nanomaterials including the development of carbon nanotube, fullerene and graphene based technologies.…”

Surface Functionalized MXenes for Wastewater Treatment—A Comprehensive Review

“…[31] In another review, Rasool presented the synthesis and application of MXenes for application as adsorbents, desalination membranes, electrodes for electrochemical deionization, and as antibacterial agents for water purification and other environmental applications. [32] Al-Hamadani focused on MXene-based membranes and the effect of several factors on liquid separation during membrane filtration, [14] Zhang presented an interesting minireview on the adsorptive remediation of environmental pollutants using MXenes, [33] Jeon explored the various effects of water qualities on the adsorptive properties of MXene-based adsorbents, [34] Ihsanullah emphasized the adsorption-reduction properties of MXenes and MXene-based materials in water treatment applications, [35] and also critically reviewed the synthesis and application of MXenes in desalination, [18] Ibrahim reviewed the synthesis, characterization techniques, advantages and drawbacks of MXene-based materials for adsorption of toxic metals, [36] Kumar comprehensively reviewed the structural patterns, synthesis, properties and application of MXenes for the removal of pollutants like radionuclides and dyes from water, as well as the mechanism of pollutant removal, [37] Khatami takes an environmental perspective and analyses the environmental risks associated with the deployment MXenes and MXene-based materials in wastewater treatment, [38] Zhong reviewed the various environmental photocatalytic applications of MXene and MXene-based materials focusing especially on the synthesis techniques, [39] Feng surveyed the photocatalytic applications of MXene and MXenebased materials in degrading pollutants in water, discussed the surface properties, and improvement in performances realized by introducing heterojunctions and Schottky junctions, [40] Huang presented a review on surface modified MXenes and their biomedical application, [41] Zhan reviews the synthesis, properties and application of MXene and MXene-based composites in various environmental-related applications, [42] Yu gives a review on the synthesis and properties, and removal mechanism of pollutants and the related toxicity of MXenes and MXene-based materials in water treatment, [43] Javaid reviews MXene-based hybrid materials with special focus on their photocatalytic application in the elimination of pharmaceuticals from wastewater, [44] Sun et al critically reviewed and summarized the synthesis and properties of MXenes to demonstrate the key roles in ameliorating their adsorption performance as shown in the removal of gases, organics, heavy metals, and radionuclides. [45] In more recent publications, Kwon gives a general review on the synthesis, surface chemistry, interlayer tuning, membrane fabrication, and application of MXene-based materials for water purification, Dixit presents a state-of-the-art review on...…”