Myceloid growth of Arthrobacter globiformis and other Arthrobacter species

Germida, James J.; Casida, L. E.

doi:10.1128/jb.144.3.1152-1158.1980

Cited by 33 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Whereas the doubling time for the wild-type was 2.5 h, for the mutant it was 3.3 h, approximating the 3.2 h doubling time of the wild-type grown in salt-amended Luria broth (LB). When early log-phase cells were examined by phase-contrast microscopy, we observed extensive aggregate formation by the mutant, similar to previously reported myceloids formed by other Arthrobacter species after osmotic stress [ 30 ]. Hence the mutant fails to grow by snap division, but instead adopts non-separating myceloid growth, characteristic of the morphological switch of the wild-type when subjected to salt stress.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

A trehalose biosynthetic enzyme doubles as an osmotic stress sensor to regulate bacterial morphogenesis

Chen

Fan

et al. 2017

PLoS Genet

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The dissacharide trehalose is an important intracellular osmoprotectant and the OtsA/B pathway is the principal pathway for trehalose biosynthesis in a wide range of bacterial species. Scaffolding proteins and other cytoskeletal elements play an essential role in morphogenetic processes in bacteria. Here we describe how OtsA, in addition to its role in trehalose biosynthesis, functions as an osmotic stress sensor to regulate cell morphology in Arthrobacter strain A3. In response to osmotic stress, this and other Arthrobacter species undergo a transition from bacillary to myceloid growth. An otsA null mutant exhibits constitutive myceloid growth. Osmotic stress leads to a depletion of trehalose-6-phosphate, the product of the OtsA enzyme, and experimental depletion of this metabolite also leads to constitutive myceloid growth independent of OtsA function. In vitro analyses indicate that OtsA can self-assemble into protein networks, promoted by trehalose-6-phosphate, a property that is not shared by the equivalent enzyme from E. coli, despite the latter’s enzymatic activity when expressed in Arthrobacter. This, and the localization of the protein in non-stressed cells at the mid-cell and poles, indicates that OtsA from Arthrobacter likely functions as a cytoskeletal element regulating cell morphology. Recruiting a biosynthetic enzyme for this morphogenetic function represents an intriguing adaptation in bacteria that can survive in extreme environments.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

A trehalose biosynthetic enzyme doubles as an osmotic stress sensor to regulate bacterial morphogenesis

Chen

Fan

et al. 2017

PLoS Genet

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In this regard? phages for A. oxydans and soil isolate SPI-1 were not detected in nutrient broth, soil extract, and cation-complete medium percolates, although these bacteria grew well on these media as pure cultures in the laboratory (13). Also, these bacteria were not detected when dilutions of natural nonpercolated soil were plated on nicotine agar, although they can use nicotine as their only source of carbon and nitrogen.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Isolation of Arthrobacter Bacteriophage from Soil

Germida

Casida

1981

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Soil was percolated with water and various nutrient solutions, and then the percolates were analyzed for bacteriophages which produced plaques on various Arthrobacter strains. The water percolates did not contain detectable phage. In contrast, phages for A. globiformis strains ATCC 8010 and 4336, and for several recent Arthrobacter species soil isolates, were easily detected in nutrient broth, soil extract, and cation-complete medium percolates. These percolates did not contain phage that produced plaques on A. oxydans and a recent Arthrobacter species soil isolate. Percolation with a selective nicotine-salts solution was required for demonstrating phage for these bacteria. None of the percolates contained phage for five additional named Arthrobacter species. In addition, phages were not detected for A. crystallopoietes in a 2-hydroxypyridine percolate of soil. Based on their lytic spectra, the phage isolates from this soil were relatively host specific. Arthrobacter species are pleomorphic bacteria found in soil (7, 8, 10, 16) and other natural habitats (20). Although the ecology of Arthrobacter species has been the subject of much study, relatively little is known concerning the interaction of these bacteria with bacteriophage and other predators in nature. Phage for various Arthrobacter species have been isolated and partially characterized (3, 5, 11, 14, 17, 19). In addition, the use of phage to type soil Arthrobacter species has been investigated (3, 9). The techniques available for phage isolation from soil have not worked well for Arthrobacter phage. To remedy this situation, Casida and Liu (5) developed a unique soil enrichment technique that did not involve addition of potential host cells to the soil. This technique allowed the isolation of a variety of phages for A. globiformis. However, these workers did not try to use their technique for isolating phages for other Arthrobacter species. Brown et al. (3) were not successful in isolating Arthrobacter phages from river water and sewage. They did, however, find small numbers of phage when they concentrated their preparations. There were phage for several Arthrobacter soil isolates in the concentrates, but none that were active against the named Arthrobacter species tested. The phages from the concentrates showed some cross-reactions among the host Arthrobacter soil isolates. These authors did not use the Casida and Liu procedure. As a result, they were unable to detect Arthrobacter phage in either unconcentrated or t Paper no. 6148 in the journal series of the Pennsylvania Agriculture Experiment Station.

show abstract

“…The potent rare actinobacterial strain isolated from Mango orchards of Vissannapet, which exhibited strong antagonistic activity, was identified as A. kerguelensis VL-RK_09. The detailed micromorphological studies through scanning electron microscopy revealed that the cells of the strain displayed rudimentary branching in the exponential phase and fragmented into coryneforms and coccoid elements at the stationary phase exhibiting the rod-coccus life style [16,17]. The SEM photograph of the strain is presented in Figure 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of antimicrobial metabolites produced by Arthrobacter kerguelensis VL-RK_09 by GC-MS analysis

Munaganti¹,

Vijayalakshmi²,

Oskay³

et al. 2016

Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The purpose of the present study was concerned with the isolation and characterization of a rare actinobacterial strain designated as VL-RK_09 from a Mango orchard and evaluation of its antimicrobial compounds by GC-MS analysis. Soil dilution plate technique was employed for the isolation of the strain on yeast extract malt extract dextrose (YMD) agar medium. The strain was identified as Arthrobacter kerguelensis based on polyphasic taxonomy. Suitable culture media for the production of antimicrobial metabolites was assessed by inoculating the strain in different ISP (International Streptomyces project) media and non ISP media. The culture broth of the strain grown in best suitable medium (ISP-2) was extracted with different solvents viz., chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol and acetone. The culture broth inoculated in ISP-2 and extracted with ethyl acetate exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against oppurtunistic pathogenic microorganisms tested. The crude ethyl acetate extract exhibiting high antimicrobial activity was analysed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy to reveal the metabolites produced by the strain and evidenced the presence of 39 compounds according to the available library data, NIST MS Search (ver. 2.0). The results of the present study revealed the production of diversified metabolites by the strain and hence this strain could be a possible source for novel antimicrobial compounds.

show abstract

Myceloid growth of Arthrobacter globiformis and other Arthrobacter species

Cited by 33 publications

References 29 publications

A trehalose biosynthetic enzyme doubles as an osmotic stress sensor to regulate bacterial morphogenesis

A trehalose biosynthetic enzyme doubles as an osmotic stress sensor to regulate bacterial morphogenesis

Isolation of Arthrobacter Bacteriophage from Soil

Evaluation of antimicrobial metabolites produced by Arthrobacter kerguelensis VL-RK_09 by GC-MS analysis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About