Mycetoma in Yemen: clinicoepidemiologic and histopathologic study

Abstract

Mycetoma is widespread in Yemen, with a higher incidence of eumycetoma and a maximum number of cases from the Hudaida region. A multicenter study is needed to evaluate the exact extent of disease.

Mycetomas in Iran: a review article

“…Some authors [27][28][29] have observed a similar ratio, but others [5,30,31] have recorded a lower ratio. The highest rate of eumycetoma (73%) was reported by Khatri in Yemen [32].…”

“…Mycetomas are more frequent in males and affect the age group between the second and fourth decades [32,33]. In endemic regions, children and elderly people may also be affected.…”

“…Whereas Lopez Martinez et al [27] reported a sex distribution of 76.1% male and 23.9% female. The male to female ratio was respectively reported 183:81 and 53:17 from different regions in West Bengal and Yemen [28][29][30][31][32]. Negroni et al [30] reported 76 cases of mycetomas from Argentina, 49 patients were male and 27 female.…”

“…Several reports have shown that the incidence of mycetoma is highest in rural area [9,27,36]. Mycetomas usually affected people whose occupation brings them in contact with contaminated soil, such as field labourers and cultivator [27,28,32]. In our study, the majority of the patients were farmers by profession (50.8%), followed by housewives (24.6%), workers (8.2%), unemployment (4.9%), drivers (3.3%), armies (3.3%) and others (4.9%) [6][7][8][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26].…”

“…Some species are Nocardia asteroids, Nocardia brasiliensis, Nocardia caviae, Actinomadura madura, Actinomadura pelletierri and Streptomyces somaliensis. Actinomadura pelletieri is common only in Africa [31,32,34,38], whereas this agent was not reported in Iran. Rainfall influences the distribution of Actinomadura pelletieri.…”