Mycobacterial Infections in Renal Transplant Recipients

Mycobacterial infection in a series of 1261 renal transplant recipients

“…Riska et al. [8] advised a similar treatment for renal transplant patients for nine months, although longer treatments have also been recommended [2,7,16]. When pyrazinamide is substituted by other drugs, the treatment should be extended (12–18 months) [6].…”

“…The incidence of tuberculosis in kidney transplant recipients varies according to the prevalence in the general population, and is higher in areas such as India or South Africa, where this disease is endemic. In several series, prevalences of 0.35-1.2% in the USA, 0.7-5% in Europe and 5-15% in South Africa and India have been described; these prevalences are up to 100 times higher than those in the general populations of these countries [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. In our series, the incidence was 1.6%, which is slightly higher than previously reported in Spain by Aguado et al [9].…”

“…In the general population, the most common antituberculous therapy has comprised isoniazid and rifampicin for at least six to nine months, with a third drug during the first two months. Riska et al [8] advised a similar treatment for renal transplant patients for nine months, although longer treatments have also been recommended [2,7,16]. When pyrazinamide is substituted by other drugs, the treatment should be extended (12-18 months) [6].…”

Disseminated Visceral Infection with Mycobacterium fortuitum in a Hemodialysis Patient

“…22, 24. 25], M. fortuiium and other nontuberculous mycobacteria have been described to infect renal transplant recipients [26][27][28][29], In a recent review of the subject, the reported proportion of 'atypical' mycobacterial infections in pa tients receiving renal transplants ranged from 24 to an alarming 42% of the total mycobacterial infections [30]. However, these figures must be interpreted with caution, since they are based on a small number of cases.…”

The negative tuberculin test. Tuberculin, HIV, and anergy panels.

“…Among these are sun or therapeutic ultraviolet light exposure (103,104,107,122,133), psoriasis (101, 103), chronic renal failure (183,226), jejunoileal bypass (63), alcoholism (112,125,148), zinc deficiency (69,130,160,161,227), and pernicious anemia (169). In one large study of hospitalized patients published in 1974, diminished reactivity to skin-test antigens was associated with uremia, leukocytosis, and fever; almost 8% of patients were considered to be anergic (39).…”