Mycobacterioses: Emerging Pathologies in Aquarium Fish

Prearo, Marino; Zanoni, Renato Giulio; Dall’Orto, B. Campo; Pavoletti, E.; Florio, Daniela; Penati, Valeria; Ghittino, Claudio

doi:10.1023/b:verc.0000045435.19522.af

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…Previous studies by Prearo et al . ()) and Zanoni et al . (), each of them including more than 300 fish, reported the presence of mycobacteria in 45% and 46.8% of inspected marine and freshwater aquarium fish, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Mycobacteria in aquarium fish: results of a 3‐year survey indicate caution required in handling pet‐shop fish

Kušar

Zajc

Jenčič

et al. 2016

Journal of Fish Diseases

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Fish are commonly infected with non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), which should be regarded as potential pathogens when handling aquarium fish and equipment. This study examined 107 aquarium fish from pet shops. Cultivation of the fish samples using different selective media was conducted for identification of NTM. Isolates were identified using the GenoType Mycobacterium common mycobacteria and additional species assays, sequencing of the 16S rRNA and rpoB genes, and real-time PCR assay for identification of Mycobacterium (M.) marinum. Among the investigated fish, 79.4% (85/107) were positive for mycobacteria, with 8.2% (7 of 85) having two mycobacterial species present. Among the positive fish, the common pathogens M. marinum, Mycobacterium fortuitum (M. fortuitum group) and Mycobacterium chelonae were identified in approx. 90% of fish and other NTM species in 10%, including Mycobacterium peregrinum/septicum, Mycobacterium gordonae, Mycobacterium arupense, Mycobacterium kansasii, Mycobacterium ulcerans and Mycobacterium setense. The well-known human pathogen M. marinum was present in 10.6% of the positive fish (9 of 85). The species of mycobacteria identified in the study are not only recognized as aquarium fish pathogens, but can also cause pathology in humans. Microbiological and clinical communities should therefore be sensitized to the role of NTM in infections associated with exposure to aquarium fish.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Mycobacteria in aquarium fish: results of a 3‐year survey indicate caution required in handling pet‐shop fish

Kušar

Zajc

Jenčič

et al. 2016

Journal of Fish Diseases

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“…The effect of this disease in aquaculture and in ornamental fish industry has been well documented by several authors (Prearo et al . , ; Lescenko et al . ; Pate et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacteriosis caused by Mycobacterium marinum in reared mullets: first evidence from Sardinia (Italy)

Antuofermo

Pais

Polinas

et al. 2016

Journal of Fish Diseases

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Mycobacterium marinum is a slow-growing non-tuberculous mycobacterium, and it is considered the most common aetiologic agent of mycobacteriosis in wild and cultured fish. The diagnosis is principally made by histology when positive Ziehl-Neelsen stain granulomas are detected. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of mycobacteriosis in extensively cultured Mugilidae of two lagoons (Cabras and San Teodoro) from Sardinia by the use of histology, microbiology, PCR and DNA sequencing. Nine of 106 mullets examined were affected by mycobacteriosis, and the spleen was the most affected organ. The histology detected higher rate (100%) of infection in spleen than the culture and PCR (75% and 62.5%, respectively). The sequencing of hsp65 gene identified M. marinum as the primary cause of mycobacteriosis in the mullets examined. Mullets affected by mycobacteriosis were mainly fished in the San Teodoro lagoon characterized by critical environmental conditions. Histology remains the most common method in detecting fish affected by mycobacteriosis, and PCR-based methods are essential for species identification. Our finding are worthy of attention because mycobacteriosis caused by M. marinum in reared mullets was evidenced for the first time in Sardinia, suggesting that this disease may be underestimated also in other cultured fish species.

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“…Por otro lado, estudios realizados en róbalo rayado expuestos a la presencia de Mycobacterium mencionan que los juveniles no presentaron lesiones internas y externas, mientras que en peces adultos exhiben lesiones externas e infección en los órganos internos (28). Lo anterior podría explicar la ausencia de lesiones externas en los organismos colectados en El Zapote, dado que, estos eran juveniles; en cambio en Canasayab y Santa Cruz de Rovira lo organismos colectados se encontraban en etapas más desarrolladas y por lo tanto, con mayor presencia de lesiones internas y externas.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Determinación y prevalencia de Mycobacterium spp., en tilapia nilótica (Oreochromis niloticus) cultivada en Campeche, México

et al. 2013

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RESUMENObjetivo. Determinar la presencia y prevalencia de Mycobacterium spp., en granjas de tilapia nilótica (Oreochromis niloticus) en el Municipio de Champotón, Campeche, México. Materiales y métodos. La colecta de organismos se realizó en tres granjas de cultivo de tilapia nilótica del municipio de Champotón, Campeche, México. Los organismos se examinaron externa e internamente y se tomó una muestra de riñón la cual fue sembrada en forma de estría en medios de cultivo: Löwesntein-Jensen, TCBS, KF y en TSA; las placas fueron incubadas a 35°C de 24 a 48 horas, los órganos fueron fijados en formalina tamponada al 10% para ser procesados para histología de rutina para análisis posteriores. Asimismo, muestras de cultivo bacteriológico y de tejido fueron teñidas con la técnica de Ziel-Neelsen con el fin de observar la presencia de bacilos ácido-alcohol resistentes. Resultados. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que la presencia de Mycobacterium spp., es constante y en alta prevalencia y puede ser un factor que este mermando la rentabilidad del cultivo. Conclusiones. La presencia de Mycobacterium spp., representa un riesgo para el cultivo de tilapia en el municipio de Champotón, por ser una enfermedad muy persistente y difícil de erradicar una vez ocurrido e brote de infección, por lo cual es importante llevar estudios más detallados de la presencia de este género bacteriano, así como, medidas de prevención y dispersión de este patógeno en los cultivos adyacentes. ABSTRACTObjective. Determine the presence and prevalence of Mycobacterium spp., at tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) farms in the municipality of Champotón, Campeche, Mexico. Materials and methods. The collection of organisms was conducted in three farms of Nile tilapia at Champotón township, Campeche, Mexico. The organisms were examined externally and internally and a kidney sample was inoculated in different growth media: Löwestein-Jensen, TCBS, KF and TSA. The plates were incubated at 35°C for 24 to 48 hours, the organs were fixed in 10% buffered formalin to be processed for routine histology for further analysis. Likewise, bacterial culture samples and tissue were stained through the Ziel-Neelsen technique to observe the presence of acid-fast bacilli. Results. The results suggest that the presence of Mycobacterium spp., is constant and its high prevalence and could be an undermining issue in the profitability of this culture. Conclusions. The presence of Mycobacterium spp., represents a risk for tilapia culture in the municipality of Champotón, it is a very persistent and difficult to eradicate disease once an outbreak has occurred, reason for which it is important to bring more detailed studies of the presence of this bacterial genus, as well as prevention and spread of this pathogen in adjacent cultures.

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Mycobacterioses: Emerging Pathologies in Aquarium Fish

Cited by 27 publications

References 1 publication

Mycobacteria in aquarium fish: results of a 3‐year survey indicate caution required in handling pet‐shop fish

Mycobacteria in aquarium fish: results of a 3‐year survey indicate caution required in handling pet‐shop fish

Mycobacteriosis caused by Mycobacterium marinum in reared mullets: first evidence from Sardinia (Italy)

Determinación y prevalencia de Mycobacterium spp., en tilapia nilótica (Oreochromis niloticus) cultivada en Campeche, México

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