Mycobacterium bovis BCG Given at Birth Followed by Inactivated Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine Prevents Vaccine-Enhanced Disease by Promoting Trained Macrophages and Resident Memory T Cells

Wang, Yan; Ge, Fei; Wang, Junhai; Li, Hanglin; Zheng, Boyang; Li, Wenjian; Chen, Shunyan; Zheng, Xiaoqing; Deng, Yuqing; Wang, Yueling; Zeng, Ruihong

doi:10.1128/jvi.01764-22

J Virol

2023

DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01764-22

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Mycobacterium bovis BCG Given at Birth Followed by Inactivated Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine Prevents Vaccine-Enhanced Disease by Promoting Trained Macrophages and Resident Memory T Cells

Yan Wang

Fei Ge

Junhai Wang

et al.

Abstract: RSV is the leading cause of severe lower respiratory tract infection of infants. ERD, characterized by Th2-biased responses, inflammation, and poor immune memory, has been an obstacle to the development of safe and effective killed RSV vaccines.

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Cited by 3 publications

References 51 publications

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Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-Induced Protection in Brain Disorders

Mathias,

Machado,

Stork

et al. 2024

Inflammation

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Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-Induced Protection in Brain Disorders

Mathias,

Machado,

Stork

et al. 2024

Inflammation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Cellular and Transcriptomic Early Innate Immune Response to BCG Vaccination in Mice

Kondratyeva,

Rakitina,

Pleshkan

et al. 2024

Cells

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It is established that BCG vaccination results in the development of both a specific immune response to mycobacterial infections and a nonspecific (heterologous) immune response, designated as trained immunity (TRIM), to other pathogens. We hypothesized that local BCG immunization may induce an early immune response in bone marrow and spleen innate immunity cells. The early transcriptomic response of various populations of innate immune cells, including monocytes, neutrophils, and natural killer (NK) cells, to BCG vaccination was examined. To this end, C57Bl/6J mice were subcutaneously immunized with 106 CFU of BCG. Three days following BCG administration, the three cell populations were collected from the control and BCG-vaccinated groups using FACS. All cell populations obtained were utilized for the preparation and sequencing of RNA-seq libraries. The analysis of FACS data revealed an increase in the proportion of splenic NK cells and monocytes 3 days post-vaccination. Transcriptomic analysis revealed the deregulation of genes associated with the regulation of immune response (according to Gene Ontology terms) in NK cells, monocytes, and unsorted bone marrow cells. Two NK cell-specific immune ligands (Tnfsf14 and S100a8) and two bone marrow-specific immune receptors (C5ar1 and Csf2rb) were identified among differentially expressed genes. No alterations were identified in neutrophils in either their percentage or at the transcriptomic level. Thus, in this study, we demonstrated that BCG vaccination provides an early increase in the proportion of murine bone marrow and spleen immune cell populations, as well as transcriptomic alterations in monocytes, NK cells, and non-sorted bone marrow cells. This early innate immune response may be beneficial for enhancing TRIM.

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Modeling Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Infection: Recent Contributions and Future Directions Using the Calf Model of Bovine RSV Disease

Díaz,

McGill

2023

The Journal of Immunology

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The human orthopneumovirus (human respiratory syncytial virus [RSV]) is a leading cause of respiratory disease in children worldwide and a significant cause of infant mortality in low- and middle-income countries. The natural immune response to the virus has a preponderant role in disease progression, with a rapid neutrophil infiltration and dysbalanced T cell response in the lungs associated with severe disease in infants. The development of preventive interventions against human RSV has been difficult partly due to the need to use animal models that only partially recapitulate the immune response as well as the disease progression seen in human infants. In this brief review, we discuss the contributions of the calf model of RSV infection to understanding immunity to RSV and in developing vaccine and drug candidates, focusing on recent research areas. We propose that the bovine model of RSV infection is a valuable alternative for assessing the translational potential of interventions aimed at the human population.

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Mycobacterium bovis BCG Given at Birth Followed by Inactivated Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine Prevents Vaccine-Enhanced Disease by Promoting Trained Macrophages and Resident Memory T Cells

Abstract: RSV is the leading cause of severe lower respiratory tract infection of infants. ERD, characterized by Th2-biased responses, inflammation, and poor immune memory, has been an obstacle to the development of safe and effective killed RSV vaccines.

Cited by 3 publications

References 51 publications

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-Induced Protection in Brain Disorders

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-Induced Protection in Brain Disorders

The Cellular and Transcriptomic Early Innate Immune Response to BCG Vaccination in Mice

Modeling Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Infection: Recent Contributions and Future Directions Using the Calf Model of Bovine RSV Disease

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