Mycobacterium marinum: A brief update for clinical purposes

Canetti, Diana; Riccardi, Niccolò; Antonello, Roberta Maria; Nozza, Silvia; Sotgiu, Giovanni

doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2022.07.013

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Although mycobacterial disease in anurans is not always observed as discrete granulomas, historically granulomas are an indication of this disease in multiple species. 3,24 There was a lack of clear and predominant granulomatous inflammation, including epithelioid macrophages and multinucleate giant cells, in these animals; rather, a predominantly necrotizing process was evident as previously reported in Xenopus spp . 9 The necrotizing character of these lesions has been reported in Xenopus tropicalis frogs with Mu Liflandii infection, but disease in these frogs was also associated with more prominent tuberculoid lesions, most commonly affecting the spleen, among other organs, and was less commonly disseminated than in this series.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

High-mortality epizootic Mycobacterium ulcerans ecovar Liflandii in a colony of Zaire Dwarf Clawed Frogs (Hymenochirus boettgeri)

Boulanger,

Crim,

Keller

et al. 2024

Vet Pathol

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Mycobacterium ulcerans ecovar Liflandii ( MuLiflandii) was identified as the causative agent of mycobacteriosis in a research colony of Zaire dwarf clawed frogs ( Hymenochirus boettgeri) at the University of Michigan. Clinical presentation included lethargy, generalized septicemia, cutaneous granulomas, coelomic effusion, and acute mortality. Identification of the mycobacterial species was based on molecular, microbiological, and histopathologic characteristics. These findings indicate that MuLiflandii is a primary cause of morbidity and mortality in Zaire dwarf clawed frogs and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of sepsis and coelomic effusion in amphibians. Mycobacterial speciation is important given the variability in pathogenesis within the family Mycobacteriaceae and the implications for both animal and human health as potential zoonoses. The Zaire dwarf clawed frog is a species common in the pet trade, and these findings provide consideration for this pathogen as a potentially important public health concern. This is the first report of MuLiflandii infection in the genus Hymenochirus and illustrates the diagnostic challenges of differentiating among both mycolactone-producing mycobacteria and Mycobacterium marinum. Furthermore, we demonstrate the utility of environmental sampling for this pathogen within the tank system, suggesting this mode of sampling could replace the need for direct frog surveillance.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

High-mortality epizootic Mycobacterium ulcerans ecovar Liflandii in a colony of Zaire Dwarf Clawed Frogs (Hymenochirus boettgeri)

Boulanger,

Crim,

Keller

et al. 2024

Vet Pathol

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“…One more isolated NTM from TB-suspected patients is M. marinum. As a closely related species to M. tuberculosis, M. marinum causes extrapulmonary mycobacterial infections ranging from cutaneous lesions to disseminated infections in immunocompromised individuals (Canetti et al 2022;Tarashi et al 2022). In our study, this bacterial agent was found in cutaneous biopsies of patients.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

Molecular epidemiology of nontuberculous mycobacteria isolated from tuberculosis-suspected patients

et al. 2023

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It is a growing problem around the world to deal with nontuberculous mycobacteria infection (NTM), but its clinical significance is still largely unknown. This study aims to investigate the epidemiology of NTM infections from various clinical samples and determine their clinical significance. From December 2020 to December 2021, 6125 clinical samples were collected. In addition to phenotypic detection, genotypic detection through multilocus sequence typing (hsp65, rpoB, and 16S rDNA genes) and sequencing was also conducted. Records of patients were consulted for clinical information, such as symptoms and radiological findings. Of the 6,125 patients, 351 (5.7%) were positive for acid-fast bacteria (AFB). Out of 351 AFB, 289 (82.3%) and 62 (17.7%) subjects were identified as M. tuberculosis complex (MTC) and NTM strains, respectively. Isolates of Mycobacterium simiae and M. fortuitum were the most frequent, followed by isolates of M. kansasii and M. marinum. We also isolated M. chelonae, M. canariasense, and M. jacuzzii, which are rarely reported. Symptoms (P = 0.048), radiographic findings (P = 0.013), and gender (P = 0.039) were associated with NTM isolates. M. Fortuitum, M. simiae, and M. kansasii presented with bronchiectasis, infiltration, and cavitary lesions most frequently, while cough was the most common symptom. In conclusion, Mycobacterium simiae and M. fortuitum were presented in seventeen and twelve NTM isolates from the collected samples. There is evidence that NTM infections in endemic settings may contribute to the dissemination of various diseases and the control of tuberculosis. In spite of this, further research is needed to evaluate the clinical significance of NTM isolates.

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“…Drawing a distinction between the two species is important because of the different clinical courses, treatment approaches and prognoses. The specific identification of M. marinum from M. ulcerans and from other mycobacterial species can be achieved by sequencing three hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene [ 45 ].…”

Section: Discussion and Review Of The Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is not clear which is the optimal treatment for immunosuppressed patients, although interruption of immunosuppression along with dual or even triple treatment consisting of ethambutol plus rifampicin plus a third agent (minocycline, doxycycline, linezolid, clarithromycin) seems logical [ 45 ].…”

Section: Discussion and Review Of The Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacterium marinum: A Case-Based Narrative Review of Diagnosis and Management

Tsiolakkis,

Liontos,

Filippas-Ntekouan

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

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Skin and soft tissue infections caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria are occurring more frequently in recent years. However, chronic skin and soft tissue lesions present a challenge for clinicians, as the diagnostic work-up and definitive diagnosis require knowledge and available laboratory resources. We present here the case of a 66-year-old male patient who presented with painful abscess-like nodules on his right hand and forearm, which worsened after treatment with an anti-TNF-a agent. The fluid specimen taken from the lesion was positive for mycobacteria according to the acid-fast stain. Mycobacterium marinum was identified, first by next-generation sequencing and finally grown on culture, after eight weeks. Acknowledging the complexity of diagnosing and managing infections by non-tuberculous mycobacteria, and especially Mycobacterium marinum, we provide a review of the current epidemiology, clinical characteristics, diagnosis and management of Mycobacterium marinum infection.

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Mycobacterium marinum: A brief update for clinical purposes

Cited by 17 publications

References 38 publications

High-mortality epizootic Mycobacterium ulcerans ecovar Liflandii in a colony of Zaire Dwarf Clawed Frogs (Hymenochirus boettgeri)

High-mortality epizootic Mycobacterium ulcerans ecovar Liflandii in a colony of Zaire Dwarf Clawed Frogs (Hymenochirus boettgeri)

Molecular epidemiology of nontuberculous mycobacteria isolated from tuberculosis-suspected patients

Mycobacterium marinum: A Case-Based Narrative Review of Diagnosis and Management

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