“Mycobacterium mephinesia”, a Mycobacterium terrae complex species of clinical interest isolated in French Polynesia

Abstract

A 59-year-old tobacco smoker male with chronic bronchitis living in Taravao, French Polynesia, Pacific, presented with a two-year growing nodule in the middle lobe of the right lung. A guided bronchoalveolar lavage inoculated onto Löwenstein-Jensen medium yielded colonies of a rapidly-growing non-chromogenic mycobacterium designed as isolate P7213. The isolate could not be identified using routine matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry and phenotypic and probe-hybridization techniques and yielded 100% and 97% sequence similarity with the respective 16S rRNA and rpoB gene sequences of Mycobacterium virginiense in the Mycobacterium terrae complex. Electron microscopy showed a 1.15 µm long and 0.38 µm large bacillus which was in vitro susceptible to rifampicin, rifabutin, ethambutol, isoniazid, doxycycline and kanamycin. Its 4,511,948-bp draft genome exhibited a 67.6% G + C content with 4,153 coding-protein genes and 87 predicted RNA genes. Genome sequence-derived DNA-DNA hybridization, OrthoANI and pangenome analysis confirmed isolate P7213 was representative of a new species in the M . terrae complex. We named this species “ Mycobacterium mephinesia ”.

Rapid Identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex Using Mass Spectrometry: A Proof of Concept

“…Total DNA extraction and WGS were performed as previously described (Saad et al, submitted for publication; Saad et al, 2019 ).…”

Mycobacterium tuberculosis whole genome sequence data support repurposing antileprosy antibiotic as antituberculosis

“…Isolates were subcultured on Middlebrook 7H10 agar medium supplemented with 10% oleic acid-albumin-dextrose-catalase (Becton Dickinson, Sparks, USA). Total DNA extracted by using InstaGen matrix (BioRad, Marnes-la-Coquette, France) and sequenced by Illumina MiSeq runs using a paired-end strategy (Illumina Inc., San Diego, USA) as previously described (15). The genetic support for altered susceptibility was examined for the following drugs: amikacin (AMK); bedaquiline (BDQ); capreomycin (CAP); chloramphenicol (CHL); clofazimine (CLO); ethambutol (EMB); ethionamide (ETO); fluoroquinolones (FLQs); isoniazid (INH); kanamycin (KAN); linezolid (LZD); para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS); pyrazinamide (PZA); rifampicin (RIF); and streptomycin (STR).…”