Mycobacterium phlei Fatty Acid Synthetase—A Bacterial Multienzyme Complex

Cloning, characterization, and high-level expression in Escherichia coli of the Saccharopolyspora erythraea gene encoding an acyl carrier protein potentially involved in fatty acid biosynthesis

“…The biosynthesis of erythromycin and other polyketides shows important similarities (25) to the more familiar process of fatty acid biosynthesis, and this has led to renewed interest in the structure, organization, and mechanism of action of fatty acid synthase in S. erythraea and in Streptomyces spp. Initial reports indicated that S. erythraea (39) and Streptomyces coelicolor (17) might contain a type I fatty acid synthase complex like that of Mycobacterium smegmatis (9), Brevibacterium ammoniagenes (30), or Saccharomyces cerevisiae (43,48), in which multifun.ctional polypeptides are tightly associated in a complex of high molecular weight. More recently, a small discrete acyl carrier protein (ACP) has been identified and purified from S. erythraea (21) on the basis of its ability to stimulate the incorporation of malonylCoA into acyl-ACP in a cell-free system.…”

Fatty Acid Synthetase Activity in Mycobacterium phlei: Regulation by Polysaccharides

“…Thus, in a system saturated with respect to acetyl-CoA, FMN becomes rate limiting for the over-all process of fatty acid synthesis. At low concentrations of acetyl-CoA (20 MAM), the synthetase is stimulated up to 30-fold by crude SF (1). Under these conditions of limiting substrate concentration, the separate and combined effects of FMN and purified polysaccharide (SF1 or PS,, PS,,, and PSMix individually) are as follows (Fig.…”

“…The M. phlei Type I fatty acid synthetase was the 30-fold purified preparation already described (1 Crude SF was either prepared as described earlier (1) or more conveniently as folllows. A suspension of 100 g of waterwashed M. phle cells in 500 ml of distilled water was boiled with stirring for 30 min.…”

“…In the article "Fatty Acid Synthetase Activity in Mycobacterium phlei: Regulation by Polysaccharides," by M. Ilton In M. phlei, fatty acid synthesis from acyl-CoA and malonylCoA is catalyzed by two apparently independent enzyme systems (1). One of these is a multienzyme complex of the type found in yeast (2) and animal tissues (3) (Type I) while the other (Type II) resembles the nonaggregated acyl carrier protein (ACP)-dependent system occurring in Escherichia coli and other bacteria (4)(5)(6).…”

The use of biodiversity as source of new chemical entities against defined molecular targets for treatment of malaria, tuberculosis, and T-cell mediated diseases: a review

“…FAS-II systems, which are present in bacteria and plants, catalyze the individual reactions by separate proteins readily purified independently of the other enzymes of the pathway and are encoded by unique genes. Mycobacteria, unlike most organisms, have both FAS-I and FAS-II systems (Brindley et al 1969). The mycobacterial FAS-I system catalyzes not only the synthesis of C 16 and C 18 fatty acids, the normal products of de novo synthesis, but also elongation to produce C 24 and C 26 fatty acids (Bloch 1975).…”