Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Isolates from Presumptive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients Attending A Tertiary Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Kahase, Daniel; Desta, Kassu; Yaregal, Zelalem; Yenew, Bazezew; Driba, Getu; Molalign, Hilina; Solomon, Absra; Bekele, Fitsum

doi:10.4314/ejhs.v31i1.3

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 23 publications

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“…The prevalence of pulmonary disease caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is reportedly on the rise worldwide especially in low and middle-income countries with some of the species resistant to various antibiotics ( 5 , 6 ). These non-tuberculosis mycobacteria include Mycobacterium avium complex, Mycobacterium kansasii, Mycobium xenopi, Mycobacterium fortuitum, Mycobacterium abscessus, Mycobacterium marinum and mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing ( 3 , 4 , 7 , 8 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Mycobacteria Tuberculosis in Africa: A Literature Review

Ojo,

Odeyemi

2023

Ethiop J Health Sci

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Background: Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) have been reported to cause pulmonary and extrapulmonary infections. These NTMs are often misdiagnosed as MTB due to their similar clinical presentations to tuberculosis, leading to inappropriate treatment and increased morbidity and mortality rates. This literature review aims to provide an overview of the prevalence, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management of NTM infections in Africa. Methods: A systematic search was performed using various electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The search was limited to studies published in the English language from 2000 to 2021. The following keywords were used: "non-tuberculous mycobacteria", "NTM", "Africa", and "prevalence". Studies that focused solely on the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex or those that did not report prevalence rates were excluded. Data extraction was performed on eligible studies. Overall, a total of 32 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Results: In our literature review, we identified a total of 32 studies that reported non- tuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM) in Africa. The majority of these studies were conducted in South Africa, followed by Ethiopia and Nigeria. The most commonly isolated NTM species were Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), Mycobacterium fortuitum, and Mycobacterium abscessus. Many of the studies reported a high prevalence of NTM infections among HIV-positive individuals. Other risk factors for NTM infection included advanced age, chronic lung disease, and previous tuberculosis infection. Conclusion: In conclusion, this literature review highlights the significant burden of non-tuberculosis mycobacteria infections in Africa. The prevalence of these infections is high, and they are often misdiagnosed due to their similarity to tuberculosis. The lack of awareness and diagnostic tools for non-tuberculosis mycobacteria infections in Africa is a major concern that needs to be addressed urgently. It is crucial to improve laboratory capacity and develop appropriate diagnostic algorithms for these infections.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Mycobacteria Tuberculosis in Africa: A Literature Review

Ojo,

Odeyemi

2023

Ethiop J Health Sci

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Simultaneous Detection of <b><i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i></b> and Atypical Mycobacteria by DNA-Microarray in Egypt

et al. 2022

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Background and Objectives: Immunocompromised patients are considered a high-risk group to develop mycobacterial infections with either pulmonary and/or extra-pulmonary diseases. Low-cost and low-density (LCD) DNA-microarray is considered an easy and efficient method to detect typical and atypical Mycobacterial species. Materials and methods: Thirty immunocompromised patients were recruited to provide their clinical specimens (sputum, serum, urine and lymph node aspirate). Both Real-Time PCR and LCD-microarray techniques were performed and compared to the conventional methods of Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining and Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) culturing. Results and conclusion: Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) was detected in all 30 clinical specimens (100% sensitivity) by Real-Time PCR and LCD-microarray. Additionally, co-infection with 4 atypical species belonging to mycobacteria other than tuberculosis (MOTT) was identified in 7 sputum specimens. These atypical mycobacterial species were presented as M. kansasii 10% (n=3), M. avium complex 6.6% (n=2), M. gordanae 3.3% (n=1) and M. peregnium 3.3% (n=1). This study documents the presence of certain species of atypical mycobacteria among immunocompromised patients in Egypt. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first detection of M. peregenium among clinical specimen in Egypt.

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A glimpse into the genotype and clinical importance of non tuberculous mycobacteria among pulmonary tuberculosis patients: The case of Ethiopia

et al. 2022

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Laboratory identification of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) species is not regularly performed while, they have a public health importance with a prevalence of more than 5% among pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients in Ethiopia. Hence, this study aimed to identify the NTM species and their clinical significance among PTB patients. A retrospective study was conducted at the Ethiopian Public Health Institution’s (EPHI’s) national TB referral laboratory. Stored NTM isolates were genotyped using GenoType Mycobacterium CM/AS kit (Hain Life science, Germany). Data pertinent to the study was extracted from the EPHI’s database and patients’ medical records. Between January 2 & December 28 of 2017, a total of 3,834 samples were processed from 698 TB patients of whom 50% were female. Among 3,317 samples with mycobacterial culture results 7.3% were NTM and majority of them were identified from smear negative TB patients. M. simiae was the /predominant NTM among the genotyped isolates. All the studied NTM species were not clinically important however, considering the similarity of clinical and radiologic findings between NTM and MTBC infected patients, integrating NTM species identification in the routine TB laboratory diagnosis may augment clinicians’ decision particularly in DR-TB patients. Additional similar prospective study with a larger sample size is recommended. Moreover, urgent improvements on patients’ record keeping practice are required in the studied hospitals.

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Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Isolates from Presumptive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients Attending A Tertiary Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Cited by 3 publications

References 23 publications

Non-Mycobacteria Tuberculosis in Africa: A Literature Review

Non-Mycobacteria Tuberculosis in Africa: A Literature Review

Simultaneous Detection of <b><i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i></b> and Atypical Mycobacteria by DNA-Microarray in Egypt

A glimpse into the genotype and clinical importance of non tuberculous mycobacteria among pulmonary tuberculosis patients: The case of Ethiopia

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