Mycobacterium tuberculosis Visceral Abscesses in the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

Moreno, Santiago; Pacho, E; López-Herce, J. A.; Rodríguez‐Créixems, Marta; Martín-Scapa, C.; Bouza, Emilio

doi:10.7326/0003-4819-109-5-437_1

Cited by 23 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…24,26,32 The formation of TB abscesses involving skin and soft tissues, muscles, or internal organs (i.e., intestines, liver, spleen, and pancreas) has also been described. 44,45 The pulmonary manifestations of TB are also affected by the weakened immune response in HIV-infected persons, often significantly altering findings on chest radiography. The classic features of reactivation pulmonary TB (i.e., upper lobe fibronodular and cavitary lesions) are less common with HIV coinfection, particularly at low CD4 cell counts (< 200/μL).…”

Section: Clinical and Radiographic Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuberculosis and HIV Coinfection

Gray

Cohn

2013

Semin Respir Crit Care Med

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The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pandemic has amplified the global burden of tuberculosis (TB), particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where 82% of the world's TB/HIV coinfection exists. HIV infection significantly increases the risk of developing and dying from TB and was associated with 350,000 TB deaths in 2010. The diagnosis of HIV-associated TB is often challenging due to atypical clinical and radiographic manifestations, more frequent extrapulmonary disease, and higher rates of smear-negative pulmonary TB. Nucleic acid amplification tests, including the Xpert MTB/RIF assay (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA), improve our ability to rapidly diagnose both smear-negative and extrapulmonary TB. The standard 6-month anti-TB regimen is usually adequate for HIV coinfected persons, but intermittent dosing in the intensive phase should be avoided because of an increased risk of relapse with acquired rifamycin resistance. The comanagement of HIV and TB is challenging due to drug-drug interactions, overlapping drug toxicities, concerns about adherence, and the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. However, the initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) during the course of TB treatment is necessary to improve survival, and the appropriate timing of ART is dependent on the level of immune suppression. Therefore, the management of TB must be well coordinated with HIV resources, prepared to rapidly diagnose HIV, assess immune status, and correctly treat both infections.

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Section: Clinical and Radiographic Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuberculosis and HIV Coinfection

Gray

Cohn

2013

Semin Respir Crit Care Med

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“…40,41 Transurethral unroofing of the collection may be another method of treatment. Surgical drainage of an abscess collection is required.…”

Section: Prostatic Tuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Male genital tuberculosis

Çek¹

2009

Tuberculosis

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“…In the BCG therapy population, 2/3 patients had isolated prostate involvement with one developing miliary TB [7] . Lastly, amongst the HIV/immunocompromised population, 4 patients had disseminated disease alongside prostatic abscess formation while 11 patients had prostate only involvement [1] , [8] , [23] , [24] . It can be theorized that the cases with disseminated TB including prostatic abscess are likely under-reported in literature because extent of visceral organ involvement even when present may not be well-delineated or documented in such cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These cases included prostatic involvement in the form of granulomatous prostatitis and prostatic abscesses. Prostatic abscesses are less common and only 5 such cases have been reported in the United States [10] , [11] , [15] , [24] , [29] , [30] . In this case report, we present a case of disseminated TB, including a prostatic abscess, in a patient with new diagnosis of HIV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disseminated tuberculosis with prostatic abscesses in an immunocompromised patient—A case report and review of literature

Joneja

Short

Roberts

2016

IDCases

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We describe a case of disseminated Mycobacterium tuberculosis (mTB) with prostatic abscess in a newly diagnosed HIV patient in the United States. The patient is a 34 year-old male who presented with respiratory symptoms and was diagnosed with HIV/AIDS complicated by disseminated mTB infection of the lungs, liver, and prostate. His prostate showed abscess formation on imaging that required drainage however he did not present with any genitourinary complaints. Our literature review revealed that prostatic involvement in mTB in the form of granulomatous prostatitis is uncommon; however, abscess formation is extremely rare and only few such cases have been published. Nearly 50% of the patients with prostatic abscess formation present without symptoms and therefore a high level of suspicion should be maintained; imaging should be performed early and prophylactic antibiotics for non-specific urinary symptoms should be avoided as this may lead to drug resistance of mTB to flouroquinolones.

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis Visceral Abscesses in the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

Cited by 23 publications

References 2 publications

Tuberculosis and HIV Coinfection

Tuberculosis and HIV Coinfection

Male genital tuberculosis

Disseminated tuberculosis with prostatic abscesses in an immunocompromised patient—A case report and review of literature

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