Mycoplasma bovis and bacterial pathogens in the bovine respiratory tract

Abstract

Bovine respiratory disease caused by Mycoplasma bovis is a major health problem of cattle worldwide. It inflicts considerable financial losses on beef herds and is the most common cause of mortality in dairy cattle. Bacteriological examination of 35 nasal cavity samples from calves younger than three months of age identified Mycoplasma bovis in eight (22.9%) samples. These cattle were followed until 17 months of age, and repeated examination of nasal cavity samples before necropsy identified Mycoplasma bovis in four (11.4%) samples. At necropsy and lung samples for bacteriological and histological examination were collected. To identify microorganisms from the Mollicutes class isolated from the nasal cavities of cattle we used the PCR method. Furthermore, Mycoplasma bovis was identified on the grounds of biochemical characteristics and by the disk growth inhibition test. The organism was found in 5.7% of calves younger than three months of age in combination with Pasteurella spp. Mycoplasma bovis in combination with Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica was isolated from 5.7% and 2.9% of cattle at 17 months. However, Pasteurella multocida was common in cattle at 17 months and Mannheimia haemolytica was isolated from both age groups of cattle. Histopathological examination of lung samples revealed broncho-interstitial pneumonia in 14.3% of samples. Mycoplasma bovis was isolated from 60.0% of broncho-insterstitial pneumonia cases. The organism was isolated more frequently from the group of calves rather than from the cattle group (P < 0.05). The most common bacterial agents were Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica.

Influenza C Virus in Cattle with Respiratory Disease, United States, 2016–2018

“…Disease, United States, 2016-2018 with secondary infections (M. bovis, bovine viral diarrhea virus, and H. somni) were also detected in samples ICV4, ICV16, ICV18, and ICV20 (11)(12)(13). These results suggest that ICV is associated with bovine respiratory disease in cattle.…”

Evaluation ofMollicutesMicroorganisms in Respiratory Disease of Cattle and Their Relationship to Clinical Signs

“…M. bovis is an opportunistic bacterium considered part of the bovine respiratory tract microbiota . After stressful situations, M. bovis becomes pathogenic and clinical signs of BRD are observed, especially in young calves . M. dispar was first isolated from pneumonic lungs of cattle, and it has been described as a potential pathogen associated with BRD …”

Mycoplasma infections in dairy cattle farms in Turkey

“…The most significant losses among Mycoplasma infections occur due to mastitis, for which the annual loss is reported to be 576 million euros in Europe (1), 108 million dollars in the USA, and 54 million pounds in the UK (2). Moreover, mycoplasma mastitis is important as an agent transmitted to calves (13). Mycoplasma colonization has been determined to occur to a high degree in the respiratory tract mucosa of calves fed with infected milk, and a significant relationship has been found between Mycoplasma mastitis and calf arthritis (17).…”