Mycoplasma pneumoniae: acute illness, antibiotics, and subsequent pulmonary function.

Sabato, A R; Martin, A. Lynn; Marmion, B. P.; Kok, Tuckweng; Cooper, David M.

doi:10.1136/adc.59.11.1034

Cited by 85 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Lung abnormalities, including reduced pulmonary clearance and airway hyperresponsiveness, may persist for weeks to months after an infection with M. pneumoniae (227,279,295,359,377). Marc et al (279) reported abnormalities in pulmonary function tests in up to 50% of children, and Kim et al (227) described abnormal computerized axial tomography studies for 37% of children months to years after an episode of M. pneumoniae respiratory tract infection, thus establishing the ability of mycoplasmas to induce chronic and possibly permanent lung damage long after resolution of respiratory tract symptoms.…”

Section: Asthma and Other Chronic Lung Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycoplasma pneumoniaeand Its Role as a Human Pathogen

2004

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Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a unique bacterium that does not always receive the attention it merits considering the number of illnesses it causes and the degree of morbidity associated with it in both children and adults. Serious infections requiring hospitalization, while rare, occur in both adults and children and may involve multiple organ systems. The severity of disease appears to be related to the degree to which the host immune response reacts to the infection. Extrapulmonary complications involving all of the major organ systems can occur in association with M. pneumoniae infection as a result of direct invasion and/or autoimmune response. The extrapulmonary manifestations are sometimes of greater severity and clinical importance than the primary respiratory infection. Evidence for this organism's contributory role in chronic lung conditions such as asthma is accumulating. Effective management of M. pneumoniae infections can usually be achieved with macrolides, tetracyclines, or fluoroquinolones. As more is learned about the pathogenesis and immune response elicited by M. pneumoniae, improvement in methods for diagnosis and prevention of disease due to this organism may occur

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Section: Asthma and Other Chronic Lung Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycoplasma pneumoniaeand Its Role as a Human Pathogen

2004

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“…Agents Chemother., p. 700, 1999). Increased bronchoconstriction with acute infection and impaired pulmonary function, especially of small airways, for up to 3 years after initial infection has also been described (5,14,17,23,30; Esposito et al, 39th ICAAC). Recent investigations have suggested that timely and effective treatment of acute M. pneumoniae respiratory infection can improve the course of reactive airway disease beyond the acute episode of wheezing and can prevent the development of deleterious changes in pulmonary function tests (Esposito et al, 39th ICAAC; D. Gendrel, E. Marc, F. Moulin, et al, Abstr.…”

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confidence: 99%

Elevated Cytokine and Chemokine Levels and Prolonged Pulmonary Airflow Resistance in a Murine Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia Model: a Microbiologic, Histologic, Immunologic, and Respiratory Plethysmographic Profile

et al. 2001

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Because Mycoplasma pneumoniae is hypothesized to play an important role in reactive airway disease/asthma, a comprehensive murine model of M. pneumoniae lower respiratory infection was established. BALB/c mice were intranasally inoculated once with M. pneumoniae and sacrificed at 0 to 42 days postinoculation. All mice became infected and developed histologic evidence of acute pulmonary inflammation, which cleared by 28 days postinoculation. By contrast, M. pneumoniae persisted in the respiratory tract for the entire 42 days studied. Tumor necrosis factor alpha, gamma interferon, interleukin-6 (IL-6), KC (functional IL-8), MIP-1␣, and MCP-1/JE concentrations were significantly elevated in bronchoalveolar lavage samples, whereas IL-4 and IL-10 concentrations were not significantly elevated. Pulmonary airflow resistance, as measured by plethysmography, was detected 1 day postinoculation and persisted even after pulmonary inflammation had resolved at day 28. Serum anti-M. pneumoniae immunoglobulin G titers were positive in all mice by 35 days. This mouse model provides a means to investigate the immunopathogenesis of M. pneumoniae infection and its possible role in reactive airway disease/asthma.

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“…Most of these agents are primarily bacteriostatic for M. pneumoniae, and only the fluoroquinolones have been shown to be bactericidal (10, 42). While M. pneumoniae can be cultured from respiratory secretions for long periods after acute infection even after appropriate antimicrobial therapy, most antibiotics produce satisfactory clinical results, with a significant reduction in the duration of symptoms compared with no treatment (30,36). Macrolide and related antibiotics are generally considered the therapy of choice for M. pneumoniae infections in children and adults.…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of LBM415 (NVP PDF-713), a Novel Peptide Deformylase Inhibitor, for Treatment of Experimental Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia

Fonseca-Aten¹,

Salvatore²,

Mejías³

et al. 2005

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a major cause of community-acquired pneumonia. We evaluated the efficacy of LBM415, a novel peptide deformylase inhibitor antimicrobial agent, for the treatment of M. pneumoniae pneumonia in a mouse model. Eight-week-old BALB/c mice were intranasally inoculated once with 10 7 CFU of M. pneumoniae. Groups of mice were treated with LBM415 (50 mg/kg of body weight) or placebo subcutaneously daily for 13 days, starting 24 h after inoculation. Groups of mice were evaluated at the baseline; at days of treatment 1, 3, 6, and 13; and at 7 days after treatment. The MIC of LBM415 against M. pneumoniae was <0.005 g/ml. LBM415-treated mice had significantly lower bronchoalveolar lavage fluid M. pneumoniae concentrations than placebo-treated mice on days 6 and 13 of treatment. Compared with placebo treatment, therapy with LBM415 significantly decreased lung histopathology scores at days 3, 6, and 13 of treatment and at 7 days after treatment. Airway obstruction was significantly lower in LBM415-treated mice than in placebotreated mice on days 1, 3, and 6 of treatment and after 7 days of therapy, while airway hyperresponsiveness was significantly lower only on day 3 of therapy. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid concentrations of tumor necrosis factor alpha, gamma interferon (IFN-␥), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-12, KC (functional IL-8), monocyte chemotactic protein 1, macrophage inflammatory protein 1␣, monokine induced by IFN-␥, and IFN-inducible protein 10 were significantly reduced in LBM415-treated mice compared with the levels in placebo-treated mice. There were no differences in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid concentrations of granulocyte-macrophage colonystimulating factor, IL-1␤, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10 between the two groups of mice. LBM415 therapy had beneficial microbiologic, histologic, respiratory, and immunologic effects on acute murine M. pneumoniae pneumonia.Mycoplasma pneumoniae is an important cause of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children and adults and is responsible for as many as 40% of cases of community-acquired pneumonia (7,15,28,33). Tetracyclines, macrolides, ketolides, and fluoroquinolones have in vitro activities against M. pneumoniae (43, 44). Most of these agents are primarily bacteriostatic for M. pneumoniae, and only the fluoroquinolones have been shown to be bactericidal (10, 42). While M. pneumoniae can be cultured from respiratory secretions for long periods after acute infection even after appropriate antimicrobial therapy, most antibiotics produce satisfactory clinical results, with a significant reduction in the duration of symptoms compared with no treatment (30,36). Macrolide and related antibiotics are generally considered the therapy of choice for M. pneumoniae infections in children and adults. Strains with acquired resistance to macrolides have rarely been described (29).LBM415 (previously known as NVP PDF-713) is a novel inhibitor of the bacterial enzyme peptide deformylase (PDF) and has been documented to have in vitro activity against...

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Mycoplasma pneumoniae: acute illness, antibiotics, and subsequent pulmonary function.

Cited by 85 publications

References 13 publications

Mycoplasma pneumoniaeand Its Role as a Human Pathogen

Mycoplasma pneumoniaeand Its Role as a Human Pathogen

Elevated Cytokine and Chemokine Levels and Prolonged Pulmonary Airflow Resistance in a Murine Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia Model: a Microbiologic, Histologic, Immunologic, and Respiratory Plethysmographic Profile

Evaluation of LBM415 (NVP PDF-713), a Novel Peptide Deformylase Inhibitor, for Treatment of Experimental Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia

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